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Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg 1937 from: Vincent, E.Toumarkine, M. (1990): Neogene planktonic foraminifers from the Western Tropical Indian Ocean, Leg 115. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 115 Eds: Duncan, R.A..Backman, J.Peterson, L.C. p. 795-836
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Species Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg 1937


Diagnosis / Definition:
Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
Test large, equatorial periphery slightly lobulate; chambers spherical to ovate, inflated, four in the final whorl, increasing in size rapidly; final chamber usually irregular; sutures on spiral side slightly curved, depressed;on umbilical side radial, depressed; surface densely perforate, distinctly cancellate; umbilicus fairly wide, roughly rectangular; aperture interiomarginal, umbilical with umbilical teeth.
Discussion / Comments:
Chaisson & Pearson (1997):
In all samples between 154-925B-30H-5, 65-67 cm, and 25H- 5, 65-67 cm (except 29H-5, 65-67 cm) Gq. venezuelana specimens have an uncharacteristically loose trochospire with a very open umbilicus and inflated chambers, causing them to closely resemble Gq. pseudofoliata, a Pliocene taxon that may have descended from Gq. venezuelana (Thompson and Sciarrillo,1978). Gq. venezuelana specimens often have a flap-like, kummerform chamber covering the umbilicus. Gq. venezuelana specimens in Sample 154- 925B-29H-5, 65-67 cm, have a more normal morphology. Chambers are compressed and the overall appearance is similar to that of Gq. dehiscens.
Chaisson & Leckie (1993):
Remarks: The shape of the chambers in the final whorl of this species can vary markedly from specimen to specimen. There are, however, consistently four in the final whorl, with the last often irregular in shape and bent toward the umbilicus. Fifth chambers, when present, are very small and bulla-like. Similar species: Parker (1967, p. 166) describes a gradual development of Globoquadrina conglomerata from G. venezuelana from the upper Pliocene into the basal Pleistocene. The former species has a more open umbilicus and more inflated chambers.
Systematics:

1
 Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globorotaliaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Catapsydracidae
         Genus Globoquadrina
          Species Globoquadrina venezuelana
Synonym list:
Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p.681 pl 92 fig 72b
Chaisson & d'Hondt (2000):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p.681 pl 92, fig 72b
1983 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.180 pl 44, figs 5-7
Chaisson & Pearson (1997):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p.681 pl. 92; fig. 72b
1983 Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.180 pl. 44; fig. 5-7
1997 Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg. - Chaisson & Pearson : p.31 pl. 2; fig. 21, 22
Srinivasan (1975):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p.681 pl. 92; fig. 7
1975 Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg. - Srinivasan : p.145 pl. 2; fig. 15
Vincent & Toumarkine (1990):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p. 681 pl. 92, fig.7
1990 Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg. - Vincent & Toumarkine : p. 835 pl. 6, figs. 22 and 23
Chaisson & Leckie (1993):
1937 Globigerina venezuelana Hedberg. - Hedberg : p.681 pl. 92; fig. 72b
1983 Globoquadrina venezuelana Hedberg. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.180 pl. 44; fig. 5-7
Stratigraphy - absolute ages:
LAD: 3 ± 0.05 [Ma], Chaisson & d'Hondt (2000) ODP Leg 165 Site 999
References:

Hedberg,H.D. (1937):
Foraminifers of the middle Tertiary Carapita Formation of northeastern Venezuela. . Journal of Paleontology Vol. 11(8) p. 661-697

Srinivasan,M.S. (1975):
Middle Miocene Planktonic Foraminifera from the Hut Bay Formation, Little Andaman Island, Bay of Bengal . Micropaleontology Vol. 21(2) p. 133-150

Kennett,J. and Srinivasan,M.S. (1983):
Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera - A Phylogenetic Atlas.

Vincent,E. and Toumarkine,M. (1990):
Neogene planktonic foraminifers from the Western Tropical Indian Ocean, Leg 115.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 115 Eds: Duncan, R.A..Backman, J.Peterson, L.C. p. 795-836

Chaisson,W.P. and Leckie,R.M. (1993):
High-Resolution Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Site 806, Ontong Java Plateau (Western Equatorial Pacific).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 130 Eds: Berger, W.H.Kroenke, L.W..Mayer, L.A..et al. p. 137-178

Chaisson,W.P. and Pearson,P.N. (1997):
Planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy at Site 925: middle Miocene–Pleistocene.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 154 Eds: Shackleton, N.J.Curry, W.B.Richter, C.Bralower, T.J.

Chaisson,W.P. and d'Hondt,S.L. (2000):
Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy at Site 999, Western Caribbean Sea.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 165 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 19-56
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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