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Tenuitella gemma Jenkins 1966 from: Spezzaferri, S.Silva, I.S.. (1990): Oligocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation from Hole 538A, DSDP Leg 77, Gulf of Mexico . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Vol. 83 p. 217-263
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Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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Species Tenuitella gemma Jenkins 1966


Diagnosis / Definition:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Microperforate, monolamellar, thin, surface smooth to finely pustulose, pustules irregularly scattered on umbilical and spiral sides of test. Test morphology: Test small, very low trochospiral, equatorial periphery lobate, circular to elliptical in outline, axial periphery rounded; chambers globular, slightly compressed, 4 1/2-5 1/2 in the final whorl, 10- 12 comprising adult tests, increasing slowly in size; sutures slightly recurved, depressed on spiral and umbilical sides; umbilicus small, nearly closed; aperture a very low arch bordered by a narrow, equidimensional lip, interiomarginal, intra- to extraumbilical in position. Size: Holotype 0.16 mm diameter; hypotypes 0.13-0.17 mm diameter, 0.70-0.80 mm breadth.
Discussion / Comments:
Jenkins (1985):

Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- Distinguished from T. insolita, T. patefacta, and T. praegemma by its slightly more compressed test, less lobate equatorial periphery and nearly closed umbilicus; further distinguished from T. patefacta and T. insolita by having a lower apertural arch; further distinguished from T. praegemma by absence of ovoid or subcrescentic chambers and secondary apertures or apertural lips; distinguished from Tenuitella clemenciae (Bermudez) and T. munda (Jenkins) by having 5 rather than 4 chambers in the final whorl. DISCUSSION.- The holotype of T. gemma, which is illustrated on Plate 16.7, Figs. 16-18), shows the characteristic features of the species, including a weakly lobate equatorial periphery, a nearly closed umbilicus, and a low apertural arch. Forms that are morphologically transitional between T. gemma and its ancestral species, T. praegemma, appear in the uppermost Eocene and range into the lowermost Oligocene. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- Descended from Tenuitella praegemma during the latest Eocene; gave rise to Tenuitella clemenciae and T. munda during the early Oligocene. STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.- Uppermost Eocene to upper Oligocene; Zone E16 to Zone 06. Jenkins (1966, 1971) recorded T. gemma only within the Globigerina brevis Zone (uppermost Eocene-basal Oligocene) in New Zealand, but Li (1987) found it to range into Zone 05 in Trinidad. Miller and others (2003) record the lowest occurrence of T. gemma within the uppermost Eocene, within 5 m below the extinction of Hantkenina spp. in the Ocean View Borehole of the New Jersey Coasetal Plain. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Cosmopolitan. STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- No data available.
Systematics:

1
 Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Candeinidae
         Genus Tenuitella
          Species Tenuitella gemma

22
  Genus Tenuitella
   Species Tenuitella gemma

35
  Ordo Foraminiferida
   Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
    Familia Cassigerinellidae
     Genus Tenuitella
      Species Tenuitella gemma
Synonym list:
Spezzaferri & Silva (1990):
1971 Globorotalia (Turborotalia) gemma Jenkins. - Jenkins :
1971 Globorotalia (Turborotalia) gemma Jenkins. - Jenkins : pl. 10; fig. 263-269
1990 Tenuitella gemma Jenkins. - Spezzaferri & Silva : p.260 pl. XVIII; fig. 6a-c
Pearson et al. (2006):
1953 Globigerina postcretacea Myatliuk. - Subbotina : p.60 pl. 2; fig. 16a-20c [lower Oligocene, northern Caucasus]; [Not Myalliuk, 1950]
1962 Globorotalia (Turborotalia) postcretacea Myatliuk. - Blow & Banner : p. 120-121 pl. 12; fig. G-J [Oligocene, Lindi, Tanzania]; [Not Myatliuk, 1950]
1966 Globorotalia gemma Jenkins. - Jenkins : p.1115 fig. 11, nos 97-103 [lower Oligocene, Kakanui River, New Zealand]
1971 Globorotalia (Turborotalia) gemma Jenkins. - Jenkins : p.115 pl. 10; fig. 263-269 [lower Oligocene, Kakanui River, New Zealand]
1978 Globorotalia gemma Jenkins. - Toumarkine : pl. 8; fig. 1-2 [lower Oligocene Globigerina brevis Zone, DSDP Site 360, Cape Basin, South Atlantic Ocean]
1987 Tenuitella gemma Jenkins. - Li : pl. 2; fig. 6-8 [lower Oligocene, Cipero Fm., Trinidad]
non 1991 Tenuitella gemma Jenkins. - Huber : p.441 pl. 7; fig. 7, 8 [=Tenuitella patefacta Li]
1995 Tenuitella gemma Jenkins. - Poag & Commeau : p.155 pl. 9; fig. 18-20 [Lower Oligocene Zone P18, U. S. Geological Survey Exmore Core, Virgina Coastal Plain]
2006 Tenuitella gemma Jenkins. - Pearson et al. : p.497 pl. 16.7; fig. 15-20 (Pl. 16.7, Figs. 15-17: new SEMs of holotype of Globorotalia gemma Jenkins)
Was used in synonym list of:
Stratigraphy - absolute ages:
LAD: 24.3 ± 0 [Ma], Berggren et al. (1995) ODP Leg 120 Site 747
Specimen:
Geological and Nuclear Science Institute, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, Inventory number: NZGS TF 1505
References:

Subbotina,N.N. (1953):
Iskopaemye foraminifery SSSR (Globigerinidy, Khantkenininidy i Globorotaliidy) . Trudy Vsesoyznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologo-razvedochnogo Instituta (VNIGRI) Vol. 76 p. 296

Blow,W.H. and Banner,F.T. (1962):
The Mid-Tertiary (Upper Eocene to Aquitanian) Globigerinaceae.
In: Fundamentals of Mid‑Tertiary Stratigraphical Correlation Eds: Eames, F.E.Banner, F.T.Blow, W.H.Clarke, W.J. p. 61‑151

Jenkins,D.G. (1966):
Planktonic foraminiferal zones and new taxa from the Danian to lower Miocene of New Zealand. . N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. Vol. 8 p. 1088-1126

Jenkins,D.G. (1971):
New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 42

Toumarkine,M. (1978):
Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Paleogene of Sites 360 to 364 and the Neogene of Sites 362A, 363, and 364 Leg 40.
In: Initial Results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 40

Jenkins,D.G. (1985):
Southern mid-latitude Paleocene to Holocene planktic foraminifera.
In: Plankton stratigraphy Eds: Bolli, H.M.Saunders, J.B.Perch-Nielsen, K. p. 263-282

Li,Q. (1987):
Origin, phylogenetic development and systematic taxonomy of the Tenuitella plexus (Globigerinitidae Globigerininina) . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 17 p. 298-320

Spezzaferri,S. and Silva,I.S.. (1990):
Oligocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation from Hole 538A, DSDP Leg 77, Gulf of Mexico . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Vol. 83 p. 217-263

Huber,B.T. (1991):
Paleogene and early Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 119 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 427-449

Poag,C.W.. and Commeau,J.A.. (1995):
Paleocene to middle Miocene planktic foraminifera of the southwestern Salisbury Embayment, Virginia and Maryland: biostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 25 p. 134-155

Berggren,W.A.; Kent,D.V.; Swisher,C.C. and Aubry,M.P. (1995):
A revised Cenozoic Geochronology and Chronostratigraphy.
In: Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication Vol. 54

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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