Turborotalia ampliapertura Bolli 1957 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513 . |
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Species Turborotalia ampliapertura Bolli 1957 |
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Diagnosis / Definition: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION.
Type of wall: Smooth, to weakly cancellate,
frequently densely pustulose; tendency to defoliate.
Test morphology: Moderately high trochospiral,
compact globular test with 3-4 chambers in final whorl.
chambers inflated, appressed and embracing, increasing
moderately in size; outline lobulate or rounded in edge
view; dorsal sutures slightly curved, depressed; aperture
a high arch, approaching circular, in umbilical-extraumbilical
position; umbilicus wide and deep;
ventral sutures moderately curved, depressed.
Size: Holotype length 0.49 mm, width 0.29 mm. |
Discussion / Comments: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.-
Turborotalia
ampliapertura is distinguished from T. increbescens by
the wider, more open umbilicus, more umbilically
centered aperture and more globular chamber shape.
DISCUSSION.-
Turborotalia ampliapertura is a useful
zone fossil in the lower Oligocene (Bolli, 1957b). Blow
and Banner (1962) and Blow (l969, 1979) distinguished
the supposed contempdraneous homeomorph
Globorotalia (Turborotalia) pseudoampliapertura on the
basis of differences in wall texture. The holotypes of
both taxa are illustrated here by SEM for the first time
(PI. 15.2, Figs. 1-3 and P1. 15.2, Figs. 9-1 l), as well as
better preserved specimens of ampliapertura from the
type Cipero Formation supplied by F. Rogl (PI. 15.2,
Figs. 4-6). According to Blow and Banner (1962),
pseudoampliapertura possesses a "smooth, non-granular
wall" and usually achieves greater size than
ampliapertura, which has a "rough, 'granular' and hispid
wall". We attribute these differences mainly to the
variable state of preservation of the material studied by
Blow and Banner and to the fact that the large final
chamber seen in the pseudoampliapertura holotype teneds
to be smoother than the rest of the test surface. The ranges
of the two supposed species are identical (e.g., Premoli
Silva and Boersma, 1988) and other authors have
experienced difficulty in separating them (e.g., Nishi and
Chaproniere, 1994).
Globigerina kondoi Todd, 1970, appears to be
conspecific.
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.-
Evolved from
Turborotalia increbescens in the upper Eocene (Blow
and Banner, 1962).
STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.-
Upper Eocene Zone
E 15 (Blow and Banner, 1962) to lower Oligocene.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.-
Cosmopolitan,
occurring across a broad range of latitudes.
STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.-
Poore and
Matthews (1 984) recorded consistently light ō18O values
for this species indicating a shallow-water habitat.
Boersma and others (1987) recorded it (as T.
pseudoampliapertura) with similar ratios to Subbotina
gortanii. Pearson and others (2001) found variable
isotopic values in their assemblages. |
Systematics: |
1 Superregnum Eukaryota
Regnum Protoctista
Phylum Ciliophora
Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
Ordo Globigerinida
Superfamilia Globorotaliaceae
Superfamilia Nonionacea
Familia Globorotaliidae
Genus Turborotalia
Species Turborotalia ampliapertura
35 Ordo Foraminiferida
Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
Familia Hedbergellidae
Genus Turborotalia
Species Turborotalia ampliapertura
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Synonym list: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
1957 Globigerina ampliapertura Bolli. - Bolli : p.108 pl. 22; fig. 4a-6c [lower Oligocene Globigerina ampliapertura Zone,
Cipero Fm., Trinidad]
1957 Globigerina ampliapertura Bolli. - Bolli : p.164 pl. 36; fig. 8a-c [upper Eocene Globorotalia cocoaensis Zone, San
Fernando Fm., Trinidad]
1962 Globigerina ampliapertura ampliapertura Bolli. - Blow & Banner : p. 83-84 pl. 11, fig. A-D;
pl. 17, fig. C [lower
Oligocene Globigerina ampliapertura ampliapertura
Zone, Cipero Fm., Trinidad]
1962 Globigerina pseudoampliapertura Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.95 pl. 12, fig. a-c;
pl. 17, fig. a, e [upper Eocene, Sample
FCRM. 1923, Lindi, Tanzania]
1970 Globigerina kondoi Todd. - Todd : A 16 pl. 7; fig. 2a-c [upper
Eocene, southeastern Eua Island, Tonga]
1977 Globigerina ampliapertura Bolli. - Poore & Brabb : p.255 pl. 1; fig. 7-9 [lower Oligocene Zone P19-20, San Lorenzo Fm.,
California]
1983 Globigerina ampliapertura Bolli. - Pujol : p.650 pl. 10; fig. 4, 8, 10 [Oligocene Zone P 17-P 19, DSDP Hole 5 16F, Rio Grande
Rise, Southwest Atlantic]
1993 "Turborotalia" ampliapertura Bolli. - Leckie et al. : p. 125-126 pl. 4; fig. 3-8 [lower Oligocene Zone P18,
ODP Hole 62XA, West Atlantic Ocean]
1994 "Globigerina" ampliapertura Bolli. - Nishi & Chaproniere : p.259 pl. 4; fig. 1-6 [lower Oligocene Zone P18, ODP
Hole 841B, Tonga Trench, South Pacific Ocean]
2006 Turborotalia ampliapertura Bolli. - Pearson et al. : p.440 pl. 15.2; fig. 1-20 (Pl. 15.2, Figs. 1-3: new SEMs of holotype of
Globigerina ampliapertura Bolli)
(Pl. 15.2, Figs. 9-1 1 : new SEMs of holotype of
Globigerina pseudoampliapertura Blow and Banner)
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Stratigraphy - absolute ages: |
LAD: 30.3 ± 0 [Ma], Berggren et al. (1995)
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Specimen: |
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USNM P 5603
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References: |
Bolli,H.M. (1957): Planktonic foraminifera from the Oligocene-Miocene Cipero and Lengua formations of Trinidad, B.W.I.. In: Studies in Foraminifery, Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum Vol. 215 Eds: Loeblich, A.R.Tappan, H.Beckmann, J.P.Bolli, H.M.Gallitelli, E.M.Troelsen, J.C. p. 97-123
Bolli,H.M. (1957): Planktonic Foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Bull. U.S. natl. Mus. Vol. 215 p. 155-172
Blow,W.H. and Banner,F.T. (1962): The Mid-Tertiary (Upper Eocene to Aquitanian) Globigerinaceae. In: Fundamentals of Mid‑Tertiary Stratigraphical Correlation Eds: Eames, F.E.Banner, F.T.Blow, W.H.Clarke, W.J. p. 61‑151
Asano,K.. (1962): Tertiary globigerinids from Kyushu, Japan . Tohuku University Science Reports, Sendai, Japan, Ser. 2 (Geol.)spec. vol(no. 5) p. 55
Brönnimann,P. and Rigassi,D. (1963): Contribution to the geology and paleontology of the area of the city of Habana, Cuba and its surroundings . Ecoglae geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 56(1)
Saito,T. and Be,A.W.H.. (1964): Planktonic foraminifera from the American Oligocene . Science Vol. 145 p. 1238-1240
Jenkins,D.G. (1966): Planktonic foraminiferal zones and new taxa from the Danian to lower Miocene of New Zealand. . N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys. Vol. 8 p. 1088-1126
Blow,W.H. (1969): Late middle Eocene to Recent planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils, Geneva 1967 Vol. 1 Eds: Bronnimann, P.Renz, H.H. p. 199-422
Samanta,B.K. (1969): Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the Gargo Hills, Assam, India . Micropalaeontology Vol. 15 p. 325-350
Todd,R. (1970): Maestrichtian (Late Cretaceous) foraminifera from a deep-sea core off southwestern Africa . Rev. Esp. Micropaleont. Vol. 2 p. 131-154
Poore,R.Z. and Brabb,E.E.. (1977): Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the Upper Butano Sandstone and type San Lorenzo Formation, Santa Cruz Mountains, California . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 7 p. 249-272
Blow,W.H. (1979): The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp
Pujol,C. (1983): Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Southwestern Atlantic (Rio Grande Rise): Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 72. In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 72 Eds: Barker, P.F.Johnson, D.A. p. 623-673
Poore,R.Z. and Bybell,L.. (1988): Eocene to Miocene biostratigraphy of New Jersey Core ACGS # 4: Implications for regional stratigraphy . U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1829 p. 1-22
Leckie,R.M.; Farnham,C.. and Schmidt,M.G.. (1993): Oligocene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Hole 803D (Ontong Java Plateau) and Hole 628A (Little Bahama Bank), and comparison with the southern high latitudes. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results: Ocean Drilling Program Vol. 130 Eds: Berger, W.H.Kroenke, L.W..and others p. 113-136
Nishi,H.. and Chaproniere,G.C.H. (1994): Eocene-Oligocene subtropical planktonic foraminifers at Site 841. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 135 Eds: Hawkins, J..Parson, L..Allan, J..others p. 245-266
Berggren,W.A.; Kent,D.V.; Swisher,C.C. and Aubry,M.P. (1995): A revised Cenozoic Geochronology and Chronostratigraphy. In: Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication Vol. 54
Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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