Guembelina nuttalli Voorwijk 1937 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513 | . |
Notice: This catalogue page may contain unedited data.
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Species Guembelina nuttalli Voorwijk 1937 |
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| Diagnosis / Definition: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION.
Type of wall: Cancellate, spinose, sacculifertype,
cancellate wall.
Test morphology: Test trochospiral, initially
moderately high spired to helicospiral late in ontogeny;
chambers globigeriniform, mainly spherical, increasing
rather rapidly in size as added, the last one often
somewhat ovate, 9- 10 to occasionally 1 5, arranged in
21/2-3 loosely coiled whorls; periphery of the last whorls
strongly lobate; sutures radial, ranging from moderately
depressed in the initial spire to strongly depressed in the
adult; umbilicus narrow and deep sometimes covered
by a bulla of variable size; primary aperture a medium
high arch, umbilical in position; one to more supplementary apertures may be present along the
sutures on the spiral side of the final whorl(s).
Size: Holotype height 0.48 mm, width 0.45 mm;
largest diameter of higginsi holotype 0.55 mm. |
| Discussion / Comments: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES-The very high spire,
lobate periphery, globular chambers and supplementary
apertures typically characterize this species. Moreover,
Hamilton (1953) clearly described the wall surface with
typically hexagonal pore structures. Specimens from
Tanzania show spine holes and spines embedded in the
wall, indicating that it was spinose in life (Pearson and
others, 2004; Premoli Silva and others, Chapter 7, this
volume).
DISCUSSION.- Guembelitrioides nuttalli is a common
constituent of middle Eocene assemblages but has
generally been described under the name
Globigerinoides higginsi Bolli. This species displays
some morphological variability of the number of
chambers and height of the spire, the range of which is
well exemplified by both nuttalli and higginsi holotypes.
Other variable features are the possible presence of more
than one supplementary aperture, the size of the last
chamber and the primary aperture and possible presence
of a bulla-like final chamber. Stainforth and others (1975)
included higginsi in the genus Globigerina as they did
not consider the presence of secondary sutural apertures
of generic importance. Pujol (1983) illustrated a highspired
specimen as Globigerina higginsi, which is not
conspecific with G. nuttalli and resembles Subbotina
gortanii. Warraich and Ogasawara (200 1) also figured a
high-spired specimen that also resembles S. gortanii.
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- Hillebrandt
(1976) considered Bolli's types of G. higginsi as
conspecific with Globigerina lozanoi Colom, but he later (1976) stated that G. higginsi (= G. nuttalli) was
descended from lozanoi. Further, Blow (1979, p. 863)
suggested that there are transitional forms between
lozanoi and higginsi (= nuttalli). According to him, "both
taxa are very similar in dorsal morphology" and the
"trends involved are merely confined to a simple increase
in the height of the trochospire and the acquisition of
supplementary apertures on spiral side" with both
lozanoi and higginsi (= nuttalli) morphotypes coexisting
in Zone P9 (= E7). However, we disagree that G. nuttalli
is derived from lozanoi. It is difficult to see the derivation
of the 4-chambered, spinose, highly lobulate nuttalli
from the 6-chambered, nonspinose, slightly lobulate
lozanoi. Furthermore, G. nuttalli has a high porosity,
cancellate sacculifer-type wall that also occurs in
Parasubbotina inaequispira, which is a highly lobulate
taxon. We believe that P. inaequispira is a more likely
ancestor of Guembelitrioides, but intermediate forms
have yet to be found. Subbotina yeguaensis is also a
possible ancestral taxon since it has a lobulate test with
a moderately elevated initial spire, although it is not as lobulate as P inaequispira.
Blow (1979) also suggested that higginsi (=
nuttalli) may be ancestral to Globigerinatheka mexicana
(= Porticulasphaera in Blow 1979). This relationship,
however, is rejected here, as transitional forms between
G. nuttalli and G. mexicana have not been observed.
Nevertheless G. nuttalli is regarded by us as the most
likely ancestor of the Globigerinatheka group (see
Premoli Silva and others, Chapter 7, this volume).
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Mid to low latitudes.
STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOB1OLOGY.- Guembelitrioides
nuttalli has carbon and oxygen stable isotopic
characters intermediate between the muricate species and
the subbotinids, suggesting an intermediate depth habitat
(Pearson and others, 1993). |
| Systematics: |
35
Ordo Foraminiferida
Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
Familia Globigerinidae
Genus Guembelitrioides
Species Guembelina nuttalli
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| Synonym list: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
1953 Guembelina nuttalli Voorwijk. - Hamilton : p. 224-225 pl. 32; fig. 23 (holotype), fig. 22, 24
[middle Eocene Hantkenina
aragonensis Zone, Horizon Guyot, Pacific Ocean].
1957 "Globigerinoides" higginsi Bolli. - Bolli : p.164 pl. 36; fig. 11a-c (holotype)[[lower middle Eocene, from anunnamed core,
western North Atlantic Ocean], fig. 12a-13b (paratypes) [middle Eocene Hantkenina aragonensis Zone, Navet Fm.,
Trinidad]
1975 Globigerinoides higginsi Bolli. - Toumarkine : p.742 pl. 1; fig. 16-17 [middle
Eocene Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 313, mid-
Pacific Ocean]
1975 Globigerina higginsi Bolli. - Stainforth et al. : p.189 fig. 52-1a-3a (reillustration of holotype and paratypes);
fig.52-5?, 6-7, 8? [middle Eocene Hantkenina
aragonensis Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]
1979 Globigerinoides higginsi Bolli. - Blow : 862-864 pl. 183, fig. 7-9;
pl. 184, fig. 1-7 [Zone E9, DSDP Hole
21A, Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic]
1983 "Globigerinoides" higginsi Bolli. - Toumarkine : p.118 pl. 9; fig. 14a-b (refigured holotype), fig. 15-16 [middle Eocene
Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 3 13, mid-Pacific
Ocean]
non 1983 Globigerina higginsi Bolli. - Pujol : pl. 7; fig. 7 [DSDP Hole 5 16F, Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic Ocean
= Subbotrna gortanii?]
non 1991 Subbotina higginsi Bolli. - Nocchi et al. : pl. 2; fig. 17 [= ?Praemurica lozanoi]
1993 Guembelitrioides higginsi Bolli. - Pearson et al. : p.128 pl. 2; fig. 10-12 [middle Eocene, DSDP Site
523, South Atlantic Ocean]
1993 Guembelitrioides higginsi Bolli. - Pearson et al. : p.128 pl. 2; fig. 10-12 [middle Eocene, DSDP Site
523, South Atlantic Ocean]
1995 Globigerinoides? higginsi Bolli. - Poag & Commeau : p.144 pl. 4; fig. 15-17 [Zone E9, middle
Eocene, Ohio Oil Company Hammond core, Wicomico
Co., Maryland]
2004 Guembelina nuttalli Voorwijk. - Pearson et al. : p.36 pl. 1; fig. 15, 16 [middle Eocene, Tanzania]
2006 Guembelina nuttalli Voorwijk. - Pearson et al. : p.82 pl. 5.6; fig. 1-20 (PI. 5.6, Fig. 1, new SEM of holotype of
Globigerinoides nuttalli Hamilton)
(Pl. 5.6, Figs. 17-19, new SEMs of holotype of
"Globigerinoides " higginsi Bolli)
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| Was used in synonym list of: |
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| Specimen: |
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USMN 688704
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| References: |
Hamilton,E.L. (1953):
Upper Cretaceous, Tertiary and Recent planktonic foraminifera from MId-Pacific flat-topped seamounts . Journal of Paleontology Vol. 27(2) p. 204-237
Bolli,H.M. (1957):
Planktonic foraminifera from the Oligocene-Miocene Cipero and Lengua formations of Trinidad, B.W.I..
In: Studies in Foraminifery, Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum Vol. 215 Eds: Loeblich, A.R.Tappan, H.Beckmann, J.P.Bolli, H.M.Gallitelli, E.M.Troelsen, J.C. p. 97-123
Samanta,B.K. (1970):
Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Lakhpat, Cutch, Western India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16
Toumarkine,M. (1975):
Middle and Late Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the northwestern Pacific, Leg 32 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 32 Eds: Larson, R.L.Moberly, R. p. 735-751
Stainforth,R.M.; Lamb,J.L.; Luterbacher,H.P.; Beard,J.H. and Jeffords,R.M. (1975):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms . Paleontological ContributionsArticle 62 p. 425
Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp
Toumarkine,M. (1983):
Les Foraminiferes planctoniques de l'Eocéne moyen et supérieur des regions tropicales à temperées chaudes.
In: Thése de Doctorat d'Etat ès Sciences Vol. 6(83-05) p. 219
Pujol,C. (1983):
Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Southwestern Atlantic (Rio Grande Rise): Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 72.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 72 Eds: Barker, P.F.Johnson, D.A. p. 623-673
Nocchi,M.; Amici,E. and Premoli Silva,I. (1991):
Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Paleoenvironmental Interpretation of Paleocene Faunas from the Subantartic Transect, Leg 114.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 114 Eds: Ciesielski, P.F.Kristoffersen, Y.Al, E. p. 233-279
Pearson,P.N.; Shackleton,N.J. and Hall,M.A. (1993):
The Stable Isotope Paleoecology of Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera and Multi-species integrated Isotope Stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 23 p. 123-140
Poag,C.W.. and Commeau,J.A.. (1995):
Paleocene to middle Miocene planktic foraminifera of the southwestern Salisbury Embayment, Virginia and Maryland: biostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 25 p. 134-155
Warraich,M.Y.. and Ogasawara,K.. (2001):
Tethyan Paleocene-Eocene planktic foraminifera from the Rakhi Nala and Zinda Pir land sections of the Sulaiman Range, Pakistan . Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience University of Tsukuba, section B Vol. 22 p. 1-59
Pearson,P.N.; Nicholas,C.J..; Singano,J.M..; Bown,P.R..; Coxali,H.K..; van Dongen,B.E..; Huber,B.T.; Karega,A..; Lees,J.A..; Misaky,E..; Pancost,R.D..; Pearson,M.. and Roberts,A.P.. (2004):
Paleogene and Cretaceous sediment cores from the Kilwa and Lindi areas of coastal Tanzania: Tanzania Drilling Project Sites 1-5 . Journal of African Earth Sciences Vol. 39 p. 25-62
Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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