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Catapsydrax howei Blow & Banner 1962 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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Species Catapsydrax howei Blow & Banner 1962


Diagnosis / Definition:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Cancellate, probably spinose in life, ruber/sacculifer-type wall texture. Test morphology: Low trochospiral, lobulate test with generally 3 chambers, somewhat loosely coiled, in the final whorl. Chambers inflated, globular increasing rapidly in size with a large globular, inflated bulla covering the umbilicus; in spiral view 3 globular chambers increasing rapidly in size, sutures straight to slightly curved, moderated depressed; in umbilical view dominated by a large inflated bulla with 3 large circular, infralaminal apertures with a continuous, thickened imperforate rim facing each suture; sutures straight, somewhat strongly depressed; in edge view globular in shape with bulla showing one infralaminal aperture opening onto the suture line. Size: Holotype maximum diameter 0.54 mm, thickness 0.53 mm. DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- Catapsydrax howei is distinguished from C. africanus by its larger, more loosely coiled test, large globular bulla with large, circular, infralaminal apertures. Catapsydrax globformis is smaller, has a spherical-shaped test with a low slightly inflated bulla with small circular, infralaminal apertures.
Quilty (1976):
Remarks: The specimen figured here differs from typical C. howei in that the aperture opens over the suture between the antepenultimate and penultimate chambers and is thus perpendicular to the normal position.
Discussion / Comments:
Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
Remarks. We may have confused this species with Globigerina cryptomphala Glaessner, 1937 in poorly preserved faunas.
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISCUSSION.- The loosely coiled test with large circular, infralaminal apertures of Catapsydrax howei somewhat resembles Recent Globigerinoides, suggesting a shallow habitat in the water column. We illustrate the holotype in SEM for the first time (Pl. 5.2, Figs. 9-12) along with newly collected specimens from the type locality (PI. 5.2, Figs. 13-16). Catapsydrax golicynensis Menkes from the upper Eocene of the Black Sea exhibits the large arched aperture of this species and is a probable synonym. The specimen figured by Warraich and Ogasawara (2001) is a five-chambered form that does not match the morphology of C. howei. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS .- Catapsydrax howei probably evolved from C. unicavus in the middle Eocene by becoming larger and more loosely coiled, and developing a large, globular, inflated bulla with large circular, infralaminal apertures. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Known from tropical to mid latitude sites. STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- No data available.
Systematics:

32
 Familia Globigerinidae
  Genus Catapsydrax
   Species Catapsydrax howei

35
  Ordo Foraminiferida
   Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
    Familia Globigerinidae
     Genus Catapsydrax
      Species Catapsydrax howei
Synonym list:
Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
1962 Globigerinita howei Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.109 fig. 11, X-XIV; pl. 14, figs. p-r
1991 Catapsydrax howei Blow & Banner. - Van Eijden & Smit : p.109
Pearson et al. (2006):
1962 Globigerinita howei Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.109 pl. 14; fig. P-R (holotype) [Globigerapsis semi-involuta Zone, Sample FCRM 1645, Lindi, Tanzania]
1975 Catapsydrax golicynensis Menkes. - Menkes : p. 281-282 pl. 1; fig. 1-2 [upper Eocene zone of large globigerinids, Borehole 1, Golitsyn depression, Black Sea]
non 2001 Catapsydrax howei Blow & Banner. - Warraich & Ogasawara : p.44 fig. 12: 4-6
2006 Catapsydrax howei Blow & Banner. - Pearson et al. : p.74 pl. 5.2; fig. 9-12 (Pl. 5.2, Figs. 9-12: new SEMs of holotype of Globigerinita howei Blow and Banner.)
Quilty (1976):
1962 Catapsydrax aff. howei Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner :
1976 Catapsydrax aff. howei Blow & Banner. - Quilty : p.679 pl. 7, figs. 14-15
Specimen:
Natural History Museum, London, Inventory number: P. 44550
References:

Blow,W.H. and Banner,F.T. (1962):
The Mid-Tertiary (Upper Eocene to Aquitanian) Globigerinaceae.
In: Fundamentals of Mid‑Tertiary Stratigraphical Correlation Eds: Eames, F.E.Banner, F.T.Blow, W.H.Clarke, W.J. p. 61‑151

Menkes,M.A.. (1975):
Representatives of the genus Catapsydrax in the Eocene deposits of the South Ukraine [In Russian] . Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Institut Geologicheskikh i Geofizeskikh, Trudy, Moscow Vol. 333 p. 281-282

Quilty,P.G.. (1976):
Planctonic foraminifera DSDP Leg 34- Nazca Plata . DSDP initial reports Vol. 34

Van Eijden,A.J.M. and Smit,J. (1991):
Eastern Indian Ocean Cretaceous and Paleogene quantitative biostratigraphy.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 121 Eds: Weissel, J.Peirce, J.Taylor, E.Alt, J. p. 77-123

Warraich,M.Y.. and Ogasawara,K.. (2001):
Tethyan Paleocene-Eocene planktic foraminifera from the Rakhi Nala and Zinda Pir land sections of the Sulaiman Range, Pakistan . Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience University of Tsukuba, section B Vol. 22 p. 1-59

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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