Acarinina esnaensis LeRoy 1953 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513 . |
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Species Acarinina esnaensis LeRoy 1953 |
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Diagnosis / Definition: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRTPTION.
Type of wall: Muricate, non-spinose, normal
perforate.
Test morphology: Low-trochospiral, subquadrate
test with somewhat lobulate peripheral outline;
periphery rounded to subacute; 4-4 1/2 subovate to
subspherical chambers in final whorl, moderately
inflated; intercameral sutures radial to slightly curved
on umbilical side; umbilicus small, open; 12-15
chambers on spiral side, gradually increasing in size as
added; sutures distinct, depressed, straight to slightly
curved in direction of coiling; wall densely muricate,
particularly along periphery; aperture a long, low
interiomarginal, umbilical-extraumbilical arch extending
nearly to the periphery with very thin lip.
Size: Maximum diameter of holotype 0.44 mm;
thickness 0.26 mm |
Discussion / Comments: |
Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
Remarks. See A. coalingensis (Cushman and Hanna, 1927).
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.-
This taxon is distinguished by its generally elongate-oval shape, with 4 rounded to subangulate, closely appressed, embracing chambers in the final whorl, narrow umbilicus, with the later chambers on the spiral side tangentially longer than radially broad.
DISCUSSION.-
This taxon has had a colorful history.
Originally described from the upper Paleocene (Zone
P415) of Egypt by LeRoy (1953), it was virtually
simultaneously described from the upper Paleocene of
the North Caucasus by Subbotina (1953) under the name
Acarinina intermedia, with LeRoy's taxon having
(subjective synonym) seniority by 10 months. Since that
time it has been recorded under a variety of names, as
was already recognized over 40 years ago by McGowran
(1965; see synonymy above). The synonymy of
Acarinina esnaensis and A. intermedia was verified by
one of us (WAB) in the course of examination of type
material of intermedia in the collections of N.N.
Subbotina at VNTGRI (in 1962 and 1977) in Leningrad1
St. Petersburg and subsequent comparison of topotype
material provided by Subbotina with the holotype of A.
esnaensis in the Cushman collections of the USNM.
Acarinina esnaensis is generally characterized
by a relatively flat spiral side and varies from having
globular to subangular chambers in peripheral edge view
(compare the illustrations in McGowran [l9651 with
illustrations of esnaensis and irrorata and tribulosa in
Loeblich and Tappan [1957]). Forms with an odd/
anomalous apertural modification (a vertically disposed,
narrow, slit-like aperture) are included here in this taxon;
compare Loeblich and Tappan (1957, pl. 61: figs. 9a-c)
with Berggren (l 960a, pl. 5. figs. 3a-d) from Zone P7 of
the Rosnaes Clay Fm., Rogle Klint, Denmark.
The holotype specimens of esnaensis and
wilcoxensis are markedly similar. However, examination
of large suites of individuals reveals that there are two
separate and distinct taxa involved. Acarinina esnaensis
is generally more elongate-oval in outline, and has a
narrower umbilicus than A. wilcoxensis.
Blow (1979, p. 906) considered Acarinina
intermedia to have evolved from A. acarinata (= nitida)
and to have been ancestral to A. wilcoxensis and also to
the A. pseudotopilensis-topilensis s.l. lineage. The
transition to A. pseudotopilensis was said to involve a
tangential lengthening of the later chambers at the
expense of their radial width concomitant with these
same chambers becoming disjunct and slightly laterally angulate. Blow (1979, p. 906) pointed to (paratypic)
individuals referred to, and illustrated as, A. intermedia
by Subbotina (1953, pl. 21, figs. 9a-c and pl. 22, figs.
2a-c) as representing intermediate forms between the
two taxa. These views are supported by our own
observations on comparative material.
PHYLOGENETTC RELATIONSHIPS.-
This taxon is
ancestral to Acarinina wilcoxensis and may have evolved
from Acarinina nitida in the upper Paleocene (although
it was not included in Olsson and others, 1999).
STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.-
Zone P4 (upper part) to
Zone E5. While this taxon has its lowest occurrence in
upper Zone P4, we have found that it is particularly
common and well developed within Zones P5-E2 and,
in particular, within the interval of the Carbon Isotope
Excursion (CIE) in the Bass River core drilled on the
New Jersey Coastal Plain (basal Zone El), where it
occurs with early specimens of Acarinina wilcoxensis.
The latter has its FAD just below the base of the CIE in
Egypt.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.-
Widespread in low latitudes, (sub)tropical latitudes as well as in high northern (Scandinavia) and southern/austral latitudes (e.g., Kerguelen Plateau, Maud Rise).
STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.-
No data available. |
Systematics: |
32 Familia Globorotaliidae
Genus Acarinina
Species Acarinina esnaensis
35 Ordo Foraminiferida
Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
Familia Truncorotaloididae
Genus Acarinina
Species Acarinina esnaensis
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Synonym list: |
Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
Pearson et al. (2006):
1953 Globigerina esnaensis LeRoy. - Le Roy : p.31 pl. 6; fig. 8-10 [published on p. 27
February, 1953, before Acarinina intermedia Subbotina,
see below];
[Esna Fm., Farafra Oasis, Egypt]
p 1953 Acarinina intermedia Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.227 pl. 20, fig. 14, 15 (holotype, No. 4095) [Zone of compressed globorotaliids,
Subzone of Globorotalia crassata and Acarinina
intermedia, Goryachi Kliutch Fm., Kuban River section,
North Caucasus];
pl. 20, fig. 16 [Zone of compressed
globorotaliids, Murza Tai Range, Mangyshlak Peninsula,
Lower White Series] (published 19
November, 1953)
1956 Truncorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Said & Kenaway : p.151 pl. 6; fig. 7a, b [Zone P5, Esna Shale Fm.,
Northern Sinai, Egypt]
1957 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Loeblich & Tappan : p.189 pl. 61, fig. 1a-2c, 9a-c [Zone P4c, Nanafalia
Fm., Wilcox Co., Alabama];
pl. 57, fig. 7a-c [Zone P4, Aquia Fm., Aquia Creek, Maryland - Virginia]
1959 Globigerina esnaensis LeRoy. - Nakkady : p.461 pl. 3; fig. 2a-c [Um- El -
Ghanayem section, Kharga Oasis, Western Desert,
Egypt]
1960 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Berggren : p. 92, 93 pl. 5, fig. 3a-d;
pl. 6, fig. 1a-c;
pl. 10, fig. 3a-c [Zone P7, Rosnaes Clay, Rogle Klint,
Denmark]
1961 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Said & Kerdany : p.328 pl. 1; fig. 6a-c [Zone P5, Esna Shale, Farafra Oasis, Western Desert,
Egypt]
1962 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Gartner & Hay : 563-564 pl. 2; fig. 4a-c [Zone P5, Ilerdian Stage, Tremp Basin, Spain]
1963 Globigerina esnaensis LeRoy. - Gohrbandt : p.49 pl. 2; fig. 19-21 [Zone F,
north of Salzburg, Austria]
1964 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Said & Sabry : p.383 pl. 1; fig. 5a-c [Zone P5, Esna Shale,
Gebel Aweina, Egypt]
1965 Globigerina esnaensis LeRoy. - McGowran : p. 61, 63 pl. 6; fig. 5 (3fig.);
text-fig. 10 (20 line drawings) [Zone
P5, Pebble Point Fm. and Rivernook Member of the
Dilwyn Fm., Western Victoria, Australia]
1966 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - El Naggar : p.210 pl. 21; fig. 6a-c [Globorotalia velascoensis Zone, Upper Awaina
Shale, Egypt]
1968 Truncorotaloides (Acarinina) sp. aff. esnaensis LeRoy. - McGowran : pl. 3, fig. 3-4 [Planorotalites simplex Zonule, Cape Range, Carnarvon basin, Victoria, Australia];
pl. 3, fig. 5,6 [Rivernook Member, Dilwyn Clay Fm., Carnarvon Basin, Victoria, Australia]
1970 Globorotalia esnaensis LeRoy. - Samanta : p.624 pl. 95; fig. 7, 8 [Zone P4c, Algal Limestone, Pondicherry Fm.,
Madras, South India]
1970 Acarinina intermedia Subbotina. - Shutskaya : p.118 pl. 24, fig. 3a-c [upper subzone of Acarinina tadjikistanensis
djanensis Zone, Malyi Balkan, Nizhnedanatinskian
Group, western Turkmenia, Kachinian Stage];
pl. 27, fig. la-c [Acarinina acarinata Zone, Tarkhankut, Crimean Peninsula]
1977 Acarinina esnaensis LeRoy. - Berggren : p.249 chart 10 (reillustrations from the literature)
1990 Acarinina wilcoxensis wilcoxensis Cushman & Ponton. - Stott & Kennett : p.560 pl. 4; fig. 1-3 [Zone A5,
ODP Hole 690B, Maud Rise, South Atlantic Occan];
[Not
Cushman and Ponton, 1932]
1991 Acarinina esnaensis LeRoy. - Huber : p.439 pl. 1; fig. 13-15 [Zone AP4, ODP Hole 738C, Kerguelen
Plateau, southern Indian Ocean]
1991 Acarinina intermedia Subbotina. - Huber : p.439 pl. 2; fig. 19, 20 [Zone
AP6a, ODP Site 738, Kerguelen Plateau, South Indian
Ocean]
2006 Acarinina esnaensis LeRoy. - Pearson et al. : p.285 pl. 9.11; fig. 1-12 (Pl. 9.11, Figs. 1-3: new SEMs of holotype of Globigerina esnaensis LeRoy)
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Specimen: |
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USNM 58002
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References: |
Subbotina,N.N. (1953): Iskopaemye foraminifery SSSR (Globigerinidy, Khantkenininidy i Globorotaliidy) . Trudy Vsesoyznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologo-razvedochnogo Instituta (VNIGRI) Vol. 76 p. 296
Le Roy,L.W. (1953): Biostratigraphy of the Maqfi section, Egypt. , Memoirs of the Geological Society of America Vol. 54 p. 73 pp.
Said,R. and Kenaway,A. (1956): Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary Foraminifera from Northern Sinai, Egypt . Micropaleontology Vol. 2 p. 105-173
Loeblich,A.R. and Tappan,H. (1957): Planktonic Foraminifera of Paleocene and Early Eocene Age from the Gulf and Atlantic Coastral Plains. In: Studies in Foraminifera, United States National Museum Bulletin Vol. 215 p. 173-198
Nakkady,S.E. (1959): Biostratigraphy of the Um Elghanayem section, Egypt . Micropaleontology Vol. 5(4) p. 453-464
Berggren,W.A. (1960): Some planktonic Foraminifera from the Lower Eocene (Ypresian) of Denmark and northwestern Germany . Stockholm Contribution in Geology Vol. 5 p. 41-108
Said,R. and Kerdany,M.T. (1961): The Geology and Micropaleontology of the Farafra Oasis, Egypt . Micropaleontology Vol. 7 p. 317-336
Gartner,S. and Hay,W.W. (1962): Planktonic Foraminifera from the type Llerdian . Ecoglae geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 55 p. 553-572
Gohrbandt,K.H.A. (1963): Zur Gliederung der Paläogen im Helvetikum nördlich Salzburg nach planktonischen Foraminiferen. I. Teil: Paleozän und tiefstes Untereozän . Mitteilungen der Geologischen Gesellschaft in Wien Vol. 56 p. 1-116
Said,R. and Sabry,H. (1964): Planktonic Foraminifera from the Type Locality of the Esna Shale in Egypt . Micropaleontology Vol. 10 p. 375-395
McGowran,B. (1965): Two Paleocene Foraminiferal Faunas from the Wangerrip Group, Pebble Point Coastal Section, Western Australia . Proceedings Royal Society Victoria Vol. 79 p. 9-74
El Naggar,Z.R.M. (1966): Stratigraphy And Planktonic Foraminifera of the Upper Cretaceous - Lower Tertiary Succession in the Esna-Idfu Region. Nile Valley, Egypt . Egypt. Bull. Geol.Supp 2 p. 279 pp
McGowran,B. (1968): Reclassificatiion of early Tertiary Globorotalia . Micropaleontology Vol. 14
Shutskaya,E.K. (1970): Stratigrafiya, foraminifery i paleogeografiya nizhnego paleogena Kryma, predkavkaz'ya i zapadnoi chadsti srednei azii. , Vsesoyuznyi naucho-issledovadetel'skii geologo-razvedochniyi neftyanoi institut (VNIGRI) Vol. 70
Samanta,B.K. (1970): Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Lakhpat, Cutch, Western India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16
Jenkins,D.G. (1971): New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 42
Berggren,W.A. (1977): Atlas of Paleogene planktonic foraminifera. Some species of the genera Subbotina, Planorotalites, Morozovella, Acarinina and Truncorotaloides. In: Oceanic Micropaleontology Eds: Ramsay, A.T.S. p. 205-299
Blow,W.H. (1979): The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp
Stott,L.D. and Kennett,J.P. (1990): Antarctic Paleogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy:ODP Leg 113, Sites 689 and 690. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Vol. 113
Huber,B.T. (1991): Paleogene and early Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean). In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 119 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 427-449
Van Eijden,A.J.M. and Smit,J. (1991): Eastern Indian Ocean Cretaceous and Paleogene quantitative biostratigraphy. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 121 Eds: Weissel, J.Peirce, J.Taylor, E.Alt, J. p. 77-123
Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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