Acarinina echinata Bolli 1957 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513 | . |
Notice: This catalogue page may contain unedited data.
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Species Acarinina echinata Bolli 1957 |
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| Diagnosis / Definition: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION.
Type of wall: Moderately to coarsely muricate,
normal perforate, nonspinose.
Test morphology: Test compact, biconvex,
peripheral outline weakly to moderately lobate, axial
periphery rounded, more rarely becoming slightly
subangular; chambers globular, 1 1 - 13 in adult tests
increasing rapidly in size until ultimate chamber, which
is usually kummerform and often connected to a variably shaped bulla that often covers the umbilicus and part or
most of the umbilical sutures, 3112-4 chambers in the final
whorl; umbilical sutures radial, weakly to moderately
depressed, spiral sutures radial, weakly depressed to
indistinct; aperture variable in size, shape, position and
number depending on the characteristics of the bullate
final chamber, usually a single low-arched opening
directed towards the umbilicus and surrounded by a
narrow lip, more rarely two or three small, low arched
openings directed along umbilical sutures.
Size: Maximum diameter of holotype 0.30 mm,
thickness 0.25 mm. |
| Discussion / Comments: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.-
Characterized by
its compact coiling, muricate surface texture, and
presence of a kummerform or bullate final chamber and/
or sutural bullae. Differs from Acarinina medizzai by
lacking a visible umbilicus and presence of kummerform
or bullate final chamber.
DISCUSSION.-
Bolli (1 957b) originally placed
echinata in Catapsydrax because of the presence of an
umbilical bulla. However, the muricate wall texture of
this species is distinctly different from the cancellate
spinose wall texture of the type species of Catapsydrax
(Globigerina dissimilis Cushman and Bermudez, 1937).
Forms with sutural bullae (Pl. 9.10, Figs. 19-22) are
included in this species because of their distinctly
muricate test, and compact coiling. Further investigation
may reveal that these forms should be differentiated from
A. echinata S.S.
Specimens identified by Blow (1979) as
Globigerinita echinata echinata and Globigerinita
echinata africana have cancellate wall textures and are
therefore unrelated to Acarinina echinata. Huber (199 1,
p. 439, pl. 5, fig. 17) recorded a mid-Oligocene bullate,
globular, cancellate, spinose form similar to the "spinose
variant" of (the lower Miocene) "Globoquadrina dehiscens " recorded by Berggren and others (1983; pl.
1, figs. 5- 10) from the lower Miocene of DSDP Site 5 16
on the Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic Ocean. We view
these forms as unrelated to Acarinina echinata.
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.-
May have evolved from Acarinina pseudosubsphaerica n.sp.
during the middle Eocene. This is may be the youngest
ranging species of the acarininid lineage.
STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.-
Zone E10 (Bolli, 1957b)
to Zone E16 (Wade, 2004). At Blake Nose (ODP Sites
1052 and 1053) A. echinata ranges from middle Eocene
Zone P13 (=Zone E12 of this paper) through (at least)
upper Eocene Zone P15 (=E14) and Chron C16n.2n
(Wade, 2004); in Trinidad, Bolli (1 957b) recorded it from
the Globorotalia lehneri through Truncorotaloides rohri
Zone; in New Zealand this species ranges from the
Globigerina index through the Globigerina linaperta
Zone. May range into the Oligocene (Huber, 199 1).
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.-
This taxon has
been recorded from the tropics/subtropics (e.g., Blake
Nose; Trinidad) and southern middle and high latitudes
(e.g., New Zealand; Kerguelen Plateau). It probably
occurs at a number of other sites but may have been
overlooked or recorded under a different species name.
STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.-
No data
available. |
| Systematics: |
35
Ordo Foraminiferida
Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
Familia Truncorotaloididae
Genus Acarinina
Species Acarinina echinata
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| Synonym list: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
1957 Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli. - Bolli : p.165 pl. 37; fig. 2-5 [middle Eocene Porticulasphaera mexicana Zone, Navet
Fm., Trinidad]
1962 Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli. - Saito : p.223 pl. 33; fig. 7 [middle
Eocene, Hillsborough Island, Bonin Group,
Japan]
1971 Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli. - Jenkins : p.183 pl. 21; fig. 628-631 [middle-upper Eocene, Hampden Beach, South Island,
New Zealand]
non 1979 Globigerinita echinata africana Blow & Banner. - Blow : p. 1336-1337 pl. 240; fig. 8 [Zone P14, middle
Eocene, Lindi, Tanzania];
(? =Globigerinatheka sp.)
1991 Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli. - Huber : p.439 pl. 5; fig. 17-20 [lower Oligocene, ODP Site 744, Kerguelen Plateau]
non 1991 Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli. - Huber : p.439 pl. 5; fig. 17, 20 [mid-Oligocene Zone AP13, ODP Hole
744A, Kerguelen Plateau];
(?=Globoquadrina dehiscens)
2004 Acarinina echinata Bolli. - Wade : p.29 pl. 2; fig. e-m [Zones P14, P1.5, ODP Site 1052, Blake Nose]
2006 Acarinina echinata Bolli. - Pearson et al. : p.283 pl. 9.10; fig. 1-22 (Pl. 9.10, Figs. 1-3: new SEMs of holotype of
Catapsydrax echinatus Bolli)
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| Specimen: |
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USNM P5729
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| References: |
Bolli,H.M. (1957):
Planktonic Foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Bull. U.S. natl. Mus. Vol. 215 p. 155-172
Saito,T. (1962):
Eocene planktonic foraminifera from Hahajima (Hillsborough Island) . Trans. Proc. Paleontol. Soc. Japan, news series Vol. 45 p. 209-225
Jenkins,D.G. (1971):
New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 42
Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp
Huber,B.T. (1991):
Paleogene and early Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 119 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 427-449
Wade,B.S.. (2004):
Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and mechanisms in the extinction of Morozovella in the late Middle Eocene . Marine Micropaleontology Vol. 51 p. 23-38
Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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