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Species Acarinina collactea Finlay 1939


Diagnosis / Definition:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Nonspinose; normal perforate; densely muricate on both sides. Test morphology: Test low-trochospiral, 5 subangular, essentially equal sized chambers in last whorl, separated by straight radial to weakly curved intercameral sutures; umbilicus narrow, deep; aperture a low, arched slit along the base of the last chamber; weakly convex to flat; about 12 rounded chambers in three whorls on the spiral side; sutures radial, straight to weakly curved; minute intercameral openings visible at chamber junction margins on some well-preserved specimens; rounded to subangular peripheral margin in edge view. Size: Maximum diameter of holotype 0.18 mm, thickness 0.13 mm.
Discussion / Comments:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- This taxon is distinguished by its small size (-0.25-0.30 mm in maximum diameter), 5-chambered and compact (involute) test. Acarinina medizzai is morphologically similar to, and probably descended from, A. collactea. The moderately muricate medizzai may be distinguished from collactea in having a smaller (generally less than 0.2 mm in diameter), lower trochospiral test and more restricted aperture. DISCUSSION.- This is one of the most distinct and ubiquitous components of middle Eocene planktonic foraminiferal assemblages. Distinguished by its small size and compact, densely muricate test with irregularly distributed minute "openings" on the spiral side, it is a familiar and particularly common form in mid-high latitude assemblages. This form has been thoroughly studied and documented by Jenkins (1965a) who re-examined Finlay's original type material. Blow (1 979, p. 920) noted that the suturally-located openings on the spiral side do not appear to be functional supplementary apertures and may owe their origin to the "stand off" effect of late stage calcification preventing smooth junction of adjacent chambers owing to the development of previously calcified muricae in the intervening space(s). The form identified by Bolli (1957a) as Globorotalia spinuloinflata (Bandy) is a subangular variant of the generally more rounded collactea and included here in the synonomy of collactea. In the former Soviet Union collactea has been identified as Acarinina rotundimurginata Subbotina from the middle Eocene of the N. Caucasus. We specifically exclude from collactea the ovate, sinistrally coiled specimens identified by Brönnimann (1 952) and Postuma (197 1) from the lower Eocene (Zone P6b) of Trinidad. Acarinina collactea is generally subcircular in outline, dextrally coiled and restricted to stratigraphicafy younger levels. The possible extension of this taxon into upper Eocene levels in high latitudes remains controversial. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- Ancestry uncertain; possibly descended from A. pentacamerata; this morphospecies probably evolved into A. medizzai. STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.- Zone E7 to Zone E14. On the Kerguelen Plateau collactea disappears at a stratigraphic level possibly correlative with Magnetochron C17n (~/= to Zones NP17/18=P 15; - 37 Ma; near the Bartonian/Priabonian = middle/late Eocene boundary; Berggren, 1992, p. 556, 557). Earlier, the record from the Sovind Marl in Denmark (Berggren, 1969) suggested extension to the Priabonian/late Eocene (Isthmolithus vecurvus Zone =NP 19/20). GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- As the synonymy given above indicates, this taxon has an essentially cosmopolitan distribution, having been recorded from latitudes in excess of 50° in both the northern (Denmark, NW Germany) and southern (Kerguelen Plateau and Maud Rise) hemispheres. STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- No data available.
Systematics:

1
 Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globorotaliaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Truncorotaloididae
         Genus Acarinina
          Species Acarinina collactea

35
  Ordo Foraminiferida
   Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
    Familia Truncorotaloididae
     Genus Acarinina
      Species Acarinina collactea
Synonym list:
Pearson et al. (2006):
1939 Globorotalia collactea Finlay. - Finlay : p.327 pl. 29; fig. 164, 165 [middle Eocene, Hampden Beach, North Otago, New Zealand)
non 1952 Globigerina collactea Finlay. - Brönnimann : p.13 pl. 1; fig. 13-15 [G. aragonensis Zone, Ramdat Marl, Navet Fm. (= upper Lizard Springs Fm., see Bolli, 1957a:64, south-east Trinidad]
1953 Acarinina rotundimarginata Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.234 pl. 25; fig. 1a-c (holotype), 2a-3c [middle Eocene Zone of thin-walled pelagic foraminifera, Bura Group, Kuban River section, north Caucasus]
1957 Globorotalia spinuloinflata Bandy. - Bolli : p.168 pl. 38; fig. 8a-c [P mexicana Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]; [Not Bandy, 1949]
non 1957 Globigerina collactea Finlay. - Bolli : p.72 pl. 15; fig. 21-23 [G. rex Zone, upper Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad]
non 1957 Globigerina collactea Finlay. - Bolli : p.162 pl. 35; fig. 18a-b [G. palmerae Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]
1960 Truncorotaloides rotundimarginata Subbotina. - Berggren : p.53 pl. 1; fig. 19a, b [middle Eocene, approximately equivalent to Zones P10/11, Otta borehole, western Nigeria]
1961 Globigerina collactea Finlay. - Hornibrook : p.149 [middle Eocene, Hampden Beach, North Otago, New Zealand]
1965 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Jenkins : p. 843-848 fig. 1-3 (holotype reillustrated)
1969 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Berggren : p.139 pl. 3; fig. 13-15 [Smvind Marl, Mocsgaard Strand, Denmark]
1969 Truncorotaloides pseudodubia Bandy. - Berggren : p.155 pl. 3; fig. 10-12 [Sovind Marl, Moesgaard Strand, Denmark]; [Not Bandy, 1949]
1970 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Samanta : p.206 pl. 3; fig. 15-17 [Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, Lakhpat, Cutch,western India]
1971 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Jenkins : p. 134, 135 pl. 14; fig. 402-404 (holotype reillustrated), 405-407 (paratypes) [middle Eocene, Hampden Beach, North Otago, New Zealand]
non 1971 Globigerina collactea Finlay. - Postuma : p.147 text-fig. on p. 147 [G. formosa formosa Zone, Trinidad]
1972 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - McKeel & Lipps : p. 82, 83 pl. 1; fig. 5a-c [lower middle Eocene upper Tyee Fm., Ulatisian Stage, Oregon Range]
1977 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Berggren : p.261 (reillustration of figures from the literature)
1977 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Poore & Brabb : p.269 pl. 5; fig. 5-7 [Zone P 1311 4 equivalent, Butano Sandstone Fm., Santa Cruz Mountains, California]
1979 Globorotalia (Acarinina) collactea Finlay. - Blow : p.919 pl. 172, fig. 7-9 [Zone P1 1, sample RS. 24, Kilwa area, Tanzania]; pl. 194: fig. 1-4 [Zone P13, Sample RS. 3 11, Kilwa area, Tanzania]
1985 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Toumarkine & Luterbacher : p.132 fig. 6, 7, 9 (re-illustrations from the literature; incorrect reference made to Jenkins, 1985, Chapter 7 for illustrations)
1985 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Jenkins : p.280 fig. 6, 10a-c (reillustration from literature)
1986 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Jenkins & Srinivasan : p.824 pl. 5; fig. 11, 12 [G. aculeata Zone, DSDP Site 592, Lord Howe Rise, south-west Pacific Ocean]
1988 Truncorotaloides collactea Finlay. - Poore & Bybell : p.20 pl. 5; fig. 7, 8 [Turborotalia pomeroli/T. cerroazulensis Zone, Mansquan Fm., Core ACGS #4, New Jersey]
1990 Acarinina collactea Finlay. - Stott & Kennett : p.559 pl. 6; fig. 7, 8 [Zone AP8, ODP Hole 689B, Maud Rise, Antarctic Ocean]
1991 Acarinina collactea Finlay. - Huber : p.439 pl. 3; fig. 16, 17 [Zone AP 10, Hole 738B, Kerguelen Plateau, southern Indian Ocean]
1992 Acarinina collactea Finlay. - Berggren : p.563 pl. 2; fig. 13-15 [middle Eocene A. collactea Zone, ODP Hole 748C, Kerguelen Plateau, southern Indian Ocean]
1993 Acarinina collactea Finlay. - Lu & Keller : p.103 pl. 3; fig. 12-13 [lower Eocene Zone AP7, ODP Hole 738C, Kerguelen Plateau, southern Indian Ocean]
2006 Acarinina collactea Finlay. - Pearson et al. : p.278 pl. 9.8; fig. 1-16 (Pl. 9.8, Figs. 1-7: new SEMs of holotype and paratypes of Globorotalia collactea Finlay)
Specimen:
New Zealand Geological Survey Collection - Lower Hutt, New Zealand, Inventory number: TF 1150/1
References:

Finlay,H.J. (1939):
New Zealand foraminifera: key species in stratigraphy No. 2 . Trans. Proc. R. Soc. N.Z. Vol. 69 p. 89-128

Brönnimann,P. (1952):
Trinidad Paleocene and lower Eocene Globigerinidae . Bulletins of American paleontology Vol. 34(143) p. 1-34

Subbotina,N.N. (1953):
Iskopaemye foraminifery SSSR (Globigerinidy, Khantkenininidy i Globorotaliidy) . Trudy Vsesoyznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologo-razvedochnogo Instituta (VNIGRI) Vol. 76 p. 296

Bolli,H.M. (1957):
The genera Globigerina and Globorotalia in the Paleocene-Lower Eocene Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad, B.W.I . Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum Vol. 215 p. 61-82

Bolli,H.M. (1957):
Planktonic Foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Bull. U.S. natl. Mus. Vol. 215 p. 155-172

Berggren,W.A. (1960):
Some planktonic Foraminifera from the Lower Eocene (Ypresian) of Denmark and northwestern Germany . Stockholm Contribution in Geology Vol. 5 p. 41-108

Hornibrook,N. (1961):
Tertiary foraminifers from Oamaru District (N.Z.), Part 1.Systematics and distribution . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 34

Jenkins,D.G. (1965):
A re-examination of Globorotalia collactea Finlay, 1939 . New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics Vol. 8 p. 843-848

Berggren,W.A. (1969):
Paleogene Biostratigraphy and Planktonic Foraminifera of Northwestern Europe.
In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils Vol. 1 Eds: Brönnimann, P.Renz, H.H. p. 121-160

Samanta,B.K. (1970):
Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Lakhpat, Cutch, Western India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16

Jenkins,D.G. (1971):
New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 42

Postuma,J.A. (1971):
Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 422 pp

McKeel,D.R.. and Lipps,J.H. (1972):
Calcareous plankton from the Tertiary of Oregon . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Vol. 12 p. 75-93

Poore,R.Z. and Brabb,E.E.. (1977):
Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the Upper Butano Sandstone and type San Lorenzo Formation, Santa Cruz Mountains, California . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 7 p. 249-272

Berggren,W.A. (1977):
Atlas of Paleogene planktonic foraminifera. Some species of the genera Subbotina, Planorotalites, Morozovella, Acarinina and Truncorotaloides.
In: Oceanic Micropaleontology Eds: Ramsay, A.T.S. p. 205-299

Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp

Jenkins,D.G. (1985):
Southern mid-latitude Paleocene to Holocene planktic foraminifera.
In: Plankton stratigraphy Eds: Bolli, H.M.Saunders, J.B.Perch-Nielsen, K. p. 263-282

Toumarkine,M. and Luterbacher,H.P. (1985):
Paleocene and Eocene Planktic Foraminifera.
In: Plankton Stratigraphy p. 87-154

Jenkins,D.G. and Srinivasan,M.S. (1986):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera from the equator to the subantarctic of the southwest Pacific.
In: Init. Rep. Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 90(2) Eds: Haq, B.U..von Rad, U..et al. p. 795-834

Poore,R.Z. and Bybell,L.. (1988):
Eocene to Miocene biostratigraphy of New Jersey Core ACGS # 4: Implications for regional stratigraphy . U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1829 p. 1-22

Stott,L.D. and Kennett,J.P. (1990):
Antarctic Paleogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy: ODP Leg 113, Sites 689 and 690.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Vol. 113 p. 549-569

Huber,B.T. (1991):
Paleogene and early Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 119 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 427-449

Berggren,W.A. (1992):
Paleogene Planktonic Foraminifera Magnetobiostratigraphy of the Southern Kerguelen Plateau (Sites 747-749).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 120

Lu,G. and Keller,G. (1993):
The Paleocene-Eocene Transition in the Antarctic Indian Ocean: Inference from Planktic Foraminifera . Marine Micropaleontology Vol. 21 p. 101-142

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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