Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann 1952 (TaxonConcept

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Species Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann 1952

Diagnosis / Definition:

Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Spinose, cancellate, with cylindrical pores, slightly funnelled in final stage, about 0.04 mm in diameter. Test morphology: Test subglobular to globular; low to medium high trochospire in the first two whorls, then streptospiral in the last whorl consisting of four subglobular chambers; last chamber inflated covering the umbilical area of previous chambers; primary aperture not visible in the adult, instead there are three rather small semicircular secondary apertures at the intersection of the sutures between the three chambers of the last whorl and the base of the last chamber; secondary apertures mainly covered by small bullae each of which may possess three small subcircular openings. Size: maximum diameter of the test, including the bullae, measured in two individuals, is 0.35 mm and 0.37 mm.

Discussion / Comments:

Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
Remarks. As this species is rare and always co-occurs with G. subconglobata (Shutskaya, 1958), of which it may be a variety, we counted it as that species.
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHTNG FEATURES.- Globigerinatheka barri is characterized by its numerous secondary apertures with bullae. It differs from G. mexicana in having fewer chambers in the first whorl which are arranged in a slightly higher trochospire, more depressed sutures throughout the test, and a smaller flatter last chamber which occupies a maximum of one third of the entire test (instead of half of it, as in G. mexicana). Even though several features, like the secondary apertures, are masked by numerous bullae, G. barri differs from G. kugleri in having the test nearly globular instead of roughly subtriangular, a less lobate and more compact outline, subcircular apertures instead of rather wide low arches, and common bullae with subcircular accessory apertures. DISCUSSION.- In the original drawings of Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann ( 1 952) the specimen in text-figs. 3d-f does not have bullae, and is more consistent with G. kugleri. Bolli (1972) reported that G. barri is "almost identical" with G. mexicana except for the lack of bullae in the latter. For this reason, he considered barri as a subspecies of G. mexicana. However, as reported above, and in agreement with Blow (1979), G. barri differs from G. mexicana in having a shorter, slightly higher initial spire, sutures that are more depressed and a smaller flatter last chamber. The specimen identified by Samanta (1970, pl. 2, fig. 16) as G. index shows a coiling mode that is close to that of G. barri, to which it is here attributed, even though it is devoid of bullae. PHYLOGENETIC RELATT0NSHTPS.- Saito (1 962) and Bolli (1972) suggested that G. barri may have evolved from G. subconglobata. However, Bolli (1972, p. 114) in the reconstruction of the globigerinathekid phylogenetic tree proposed mexicana as ancestral to barri, from which he suggested kugleri evolved; this relationship is rejected here. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Common in low and middle latitudes. STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- No data available.

Systematics:

24
Genus Clavigerinella
  Species Globigerinatheka barri

32
Ordo Foraminiferida
  Familia Globigerinidae
   Genus Globigerinatheka
    Species Globigerinatheka barri

35
  Ordo Foraminiferida
   Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
    Familia Globigerinidae
     Genus Globigerinatheka
      Species Globigerinatheka barri

Synonym list:

Bolli (1957):

1952 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Brönnimann : pp. 27-28 text-fig. 3a

1953 Globigerinoides mexicana Cushman. - Beckmann : p. 393 pl. 25, fig. 16

1957 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Bolli : p. 274 pl. 37, figs. 8-9

1957 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Bolli et al. : p. 38 pl. 7, figs. 12a-c

Van Eijden & Smit (1991):

1952 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Brönnimann : 27-28 fig. 1

1991 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Van Eijden & Smit : p.111

Pearson et al. (2006):

p 1952 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Brönnimann : p.27 text-fig. 3a-c (holotype); 3g, h [upper Eocene, Mount Moriah Fm., Harmony Hall, Well 2, Trinidad]; (not text-fig. 3d-f = G. kugleri)

1957 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Bolli et al. : pl. 7; fig. 12a-c [middle Eocene, Navet Fm., Trinidad]

1957 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Bolli : p.166 pl. 37; fig. 8, 9 [middle Eocene Porticulasphaera mexicana Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]

non 1963 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Eckert : pl. 7; fig. 4a-c (= G. luterbacheri)

1970 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Mohan & Soodan : pl. 1; fig. 6 [middle Eocene Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, Kutch, India]

1970 Globigerapsis index Finlay. - Samanta : pl. 2; fig. 16 [middle Eocene Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, Lakhpat Cutch, India]; [not Finlay, 1939]

non 1970 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Samanta : pl. 2; fig. 20-21 (= G. mexicana)

non 1970 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Baumann : pl. 3; fig. 1 [middle Eocene Globigerapsis mexicana Zone, Scalette Section, Umbria, Italy] (= G. euganea)

1971 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Postuma : p.164 fig. on p. 165 [Teinidad]

1971 Globigerinatheka (Globigerinatheka) index barri Brönnimann. - Jenkins : p.186 pl. 21; fig. 632 [upper Eocene, type Runangan, Port Elisabeth Section, New Zealand]

? 1971 Globigerapsis mexicana Cushman. - Toumarkine : pl. 3; fig. 8-10 [upper Eocene Globigerapsis semiinvoluta Zone, Halimba borehole, Bakony, Hungary]; [Not Cushman, 1925]

non 1971 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Toumarkine : pl. 3; fig. 1-4 [fig. l, upper Eocene Globigerapsis semiinvoluta Zone; figs. 2-3, middle Eocene Truncorotaloides rohri Zone, Halimba borehole, Bakony, Hungary] (= G. mexicana)

1972 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Bolli : p.128 text-fig. 18-20 (holotype refigured); text-fig. 21-23 (from Bolli and others, 1957); pl. 1, fig. 18-21 [middle Eocene Globigerinatheka subconglobata Zone (figs. 18-1 9) and Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone (fig. 2 l), Possagno Section, northern Italy]; pl. 2, fig. 8-20 [middle Eocene Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]

1972 Globigerinatheka index tropicalis Blow & Banner. - Bolli : pl. 3; fig. 14-15 [upper Eocene Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta Zone Zone, Navet Fm., Trinidad]; [Not Blow and Banner, 1962

1975 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Stainforth et al. : fig. 37.1, 3 (from Bolli, 1957); fig. 37.4-6 (from Bolli, 1972)

1975 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Toumarkine : pl. 4; fig. 5 [middle Eocene Globorotalia lehneri to Truncorotaloides rohri Zone, DSDP Site 305, Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean]

1975 Globigerinatheka tropicalis Blow & Banner. - Stainforth et al. : fig. 94.4-5 [from Bolli, 1972]; [Not Blow and Banner, 1962]

1977 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Poore & Brabb : pl. 4, fig. 13-4; pl. 7, fig. 3 [middle Eocene Zones P13-P14, San Lorenzo Fm., California]

1978 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Toumarkine : pl. 4, fig. 8 [middle Eocene Globorotalia lehneri to Truncorotaloides rohri Zone, DSDP Site 360, South Atlantic Ocean]; pl. 4, fig. 9 [upper Eocene Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta Zone, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantic Ocean]; pl. 4, fig. 11 [middle Eocene Hantkenina aragonensis to Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantic Ocean]

1978 Globigerinatheka mexicana mexicana Cushman. - Toumarkine : pl. 4, fig. 6 [middle Eocene Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantik Ocean]; pl. 4, fig. 7 [middle Eocene Truncorotaloides rohri Zone, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantic Ocean] [Not Cushman, 1925]

1979 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Blow : p.866 pl. 241; fig. 9 [upper Eocene Zone P15, Sample FCRM 1644, Lindi area, Tanzania]

1980 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Salaj : pl. 26, fig. 9 [middle Eocene Zone P13, Enfidaville, Tunisia]; pl. 27, fig. 7-9, 12 [?Zone P1 5, Dj. Fkirine, Tunisia]

1983 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Toumarkine : pl. 20, fig. 18-22, 28 [upper Eocene Zone P15, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantic Ocean]; fig. 23-27 (from Bolli, 1972); fig. 29a-c (from Bolli and others, 1957)

non 1983 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Pujol : pl. 8; fig. 12 [upper Eocene Zone PIS-16, DSDP Hole 516F, Rio Grande Rise, South Atlantic Ocean] (= G. euganea)

? 1985 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Snyder & Waters : pl. 5; fig. 1 [DSDP Site 549A, Goban Spur, eastern North Atlantik Ocean]

1985 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Snyder & Waters : pl. 5; fig. 3 [DSDP Hole 549A, Goban Spur, eastern North Atlantic Occan] (= G. luterbacheri).

? 1991 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Huber : p.440 pl. 7; fig. 16 [upper Eocene Zone AP12, ODP Hole 738B, Kerguelen Plateau, south Indian Ocean]

1994 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Nishi & Chaproniere : pl. 2; fig. 25-26 [upper Eocene Zones P15/16, DSDP Hole 841 B, southwest Pacific Ocean]

? 1994 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Nishi & Chaproniere : pl. 2; fig. 10-12 [upper Eocene DSDP Hole 841B, south-west Pacific Ocean]

2003 Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann. - Warraich & Nishi : pl. 2; fig. 8a-b [middle Eocene Zone P12, Zinda Pir West Section, Indus Basin, Pakistan]

2006 Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann. - Pearson et al. : p.176 pl. 7.2; fig. 1-15 (Pl. 7.2, Figs. 1,2: new SEMs of holotype of Globigerinatheka barri Brönnimann)

Was used in synonym list of:

Globigerinatheka mexicana barri Brönnimann 1952

Globigerinatheka euganea Proto Decima & Bolli 1970

Globigerinatheka kugleri Bolli et al. 1957

Globigerinatheka luterbacheri Bolli 1972

Globigerinatheka mexicana Cushman 1925

Specimen:

Cushman Collection - Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USNM 3919

References:

Brönnimann,P. (1952):
Trinidad Paleocene and lower Eocene Globigerinidae . Bulletins of American paleontology Vol. 34(143) p. 1-34

Brönnimann,P. (1952):
Globigerinoita and Globigerinatheka, new genera from the Tertiary of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research Vol. 3 p. 25-28

Beckmann,J.P. (1953):
Die Foraminiferen der Oceanic Formation (Eocaen-Oligocaen) von Barbados, Kl. Antillen . Ecoglae geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 46 p. 301-412

Bolli,H.M.; Loeblich,A.R. and Tappan,H. (1957):
The Planktonic foraminiferal families Hantkeninidae, Orbulinidae, Globorotaliidae, and Globotruncanidae . U.S. National Museum Bull. Vol. 215 p. 3-50

Bolli,H.M. (1957):
Planktonic Foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Bull. U.S. natl. Mus. Vol. 215 p. 155-172

Eckert,H.R.. (1963):
Die obereeozaen Globigerinen-Schiefer (Stadund Schimbergerschiefer) zwischen Pilatus und Schrattenfluh . Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 56 p. 1001-1072

Baumann,P.. (1970):
Mikropalaentologische und stratigraphische Untersuchungen der obereozaenen-oligozaenen Scaglia im zentralen Apennin (Italien) . Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 63 p. 1133-1211

Samanta,B.K. (1970):
Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Lakhpat, Cutch, Western India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16

Mohan,M.. and Soodan,K.S.. (1970):
Middle Eocene planktonic foraminiferal zonation of Kutch, India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16 p. 37-46

Jenkins,D.G. (1971):
New Zealand Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera . New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin Vol. 42

Postuma,J.A. (1971):
Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 422 pp

Toumarkine,M. (1971):
Etude des Foraminiféres planctoniques de deux sondagcs (H-S49 et PGYT-31) dans 1' Eocéne de la Montagne du Bakony (Transdanubie, Hongric) . Annales Instituti Geologici Publici Hungarici Vol. 54 p. 283-299

Bolli,H.M. (1972):
The Genus Globigerinatheka Brönnimann . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 2 p. 109-136

Toumarkine,M. (1975):
Middle and Late Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the northwestern Pacific, Leg 32 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 32 Eds: Larson, R.L.Moberly, R. p. 735-751

Stainforth,R.M.; Lamb,J.L.; Luterbacher,H.P.; Beard,J.H. and Jeffords,R.M. (1975):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms . Paleontological ContributionsArticle 62 p. 425

Poore,R.Z. and Brabb,E.E.. (1977):
Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifera from the Upper Butano Sandstone and type San Lorenzo Formation, Santa Cruz Mountains, California . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 7 p. 249-272

Toumarkine,M. (1978):
Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Paleogene of Sites 360 to 364 and the Neogene of Sites 362A, 363, and 364 Leg 40.
In: Initial Results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 40

Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp

Salaj,J. (1980):
Microbiostratigrayhie du Crétacé et du Paléogéne de la Tunisie septentrionale et orientale (hypostratotypes tunisiens) . Geologický Ústav Dionýza Stúra, Bratislava p. 238

Toumarkine,M. (1983):
Les Foraminiferes planctoniques de l'Eocéne moyen et supérieur des regions tropicales à temperées chaudes.
In: Thése de Doctorat d'Etat ès Sciences Vol. 6(83-05) p. 219

Pujol,C. (1983):
Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Southwestern Atlantic (Rio Grande Rise): Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 72.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 72 Eds: Barker, P.F.Johnson, D.A. p. 623-673

Snyder,S.W. and Waters,V.J. (1985):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Goban Spur region.
In: Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 80

Huber,B.T. (1991):
Paleogene and early Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy of Sites 738 and 744, Kerguelen Plateau (southern Indian Ocean).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 119 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 427-449

Van Eijden,A.J.M. and Smit,J. (1991):
Eastern Indian Ocean Cretaceous and Paleogene quantitative biostratigraphy.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 121 Eds: Weissel, J.Peirce, J.Taylor, E.Alt, J. p. 77-123

Nishi,H.. and Chaproniere,G.C.H. (1994):
Eocene-Oligocene subtropical planktonic foraminifers at Site 841.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 135 Eds: Hawkins, J..Parson, L..Allan, J..others p. 245-266

Warraich,M.Y.. and Nishi,H.. (2003):
Eocene planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Sulaiman range, Indus Basin, Pakistan . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 33 p. 219-236

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513

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