Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya 1958 from: Pearson, P.N.Olsson, R.K.Hemleben, C.Huber, B.T.Berggren, W.A. (2006): Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513 | . |
Notice: This catalogue page may contain unedited data.
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Species Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya 1958 |
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| Diagnosis / Definition: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION.
Type of wall: Spinose, cancellate, rather thick,
with pores about 0.04 mm in diameter, frequently
recrystallized.
Test morphology: Test globular to nearly
spherical, formed by 3 whorls, initially coiled in low
trochospire becoming progressively higher and slightly
streptospiral in the last whorl; chambers globular, small
and very slowly increasing in size as added up to half of
the second whorl, then increasing gradually but
progressively faster; the first chamber of the last whorl
is about half the size of the antepenultimate, the latter
and penultimate chamber have a very similar size, the
last chamber is typically smaller and flattened; initially
4-5 chambers per whorl, and typically 4 chambers in
the last whorl; in spiral view chambers of the last whorl
longer than wide, elongate in coiling direction, in
umbilical view the last chamber is small and straddles
the three previous chambers; sutures distinct throughout,
weakly depressed in the inner coils, then moderately
depressed; primary aperture umbilical, a low rather wide
arch at the base of the last chamber, one to two small
low arched secondary apertures at the intersections
between the base of the last chamber and previous
sutures, apertures frequently poorly visible. Size: The size of specimens is highly variable
ranging in diameter from 0.30 to 0.65 mm; medium-sized
specimens are rather common. Diameter of the
lectotype (Shutskaya, 1958, pl. 1, fig. 8) ca. 0.50 mm. |
| Discussion / Comments: |
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.-
Globigerinatheka
subconglobata is characterized by its evolute outline,
four chambers in the last whorl, crown-like flatter final
chamber, small apertures and initial spire which is central
in position. Globigerinatheka subconglobata shows
some variability in the size and shape of the primary
and secondary apertures, whereas the general size of the
test is highly variable (see above). In smaller morphotypes, secondary apertures are small or even
poorly visible. The wall of G. subconglobata is
frequently recrystallized.
DISCUSSION.-
Shutskaya (1958) first described and
illustrated this taxon as Globigerinoides subconglobatus
even though she indicated Khalilov as its author in
referring to a manuscript never published; because of
Khalilov's manuscript, Shutskaya did not indicate the
holotype; Bolli (1972) selected as a lectotype the
specimen that Shutskaya (1958) illustrated in her pl. 1,
fig. 8. Globigerinatheka subconglobata (including the
smallest specimens) is the only globigerinathekid
possessing four visible chambers in the last whorl.
Because the original figures of G. subconglobata lack
spiral and side views, most authors illustrated this species
only in umbilical view, until this atlas. Judging from
the figures, the specimen illqtrated by Bolli (1957) as
G. index (pl. 36, figs. 14a-b) appears to be one of the
best representatives of G. subconglobata. Bolli (1 972) considered G. curvyi as a subspecies
of G. subconglobata; however, in our opinion these
species have little in common. Globigerinatheka
subconglobata is characterized by a longer and much
higher spire, more numerous chambers (four in the last
whorl), a small flattened final chamber not enveloping
or covering previous ones. Blow (1979, p. 819)
suggested that G. subconglobata was a junior synonym
of G. kugleri, a synonymy here rejected on the basis of
the very different outline and coiling mode (see above).
The specimen illustrated by Toumarkine (1983) as
Globigerinatheka subconglobata subconglobata (pl. 2 1,
fig. 16) possesses a subtriangular outline similar to G.
kugleri.
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.-
Globigerinatheka
subconglobata is the earliest
globigerinathekid and evolved in the early middle
Eocene Zone E8, probably from Guembelitrioides
nuttalli. It is considered ancestral to all the other
globigerinathekid lineages or groups.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.-
Cosmopolitan, common.
STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.-
Recorded as a surface mixed-layer dweller by Pearson and others (1 993) |
| Systematics: |
32
Familia Globigerinidae
Genus Globigerinatheka
Species Globigerinatheka subconglobata
35
Ordo Foraminiferida
Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
Familia Globigerinidae
Genus Globigerinatheka
Species Globigerinatheka subconglobata
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| Synonym list: |
Van Eijden & Smit (1991):
Pearson et al. (2006):
1957 Globigerapsis index Finlay. - Bolli : p.165 pl. 36; fig. 14a-b [middle Eocene Globigerapsis kugleri Zone, Navet
Fm., Trinidad]; [Not Finlay, 1939]
1958 Globigerinoides subconglobatus var. subconglobatus Shutskaya. - Shutskaya : p.86 pl. 1; fig. 4-11 (no
designated holotype; lectotype designatcd by Blow,
1979:819, as the specimen in fig. 8) [upper Eocene,
Kerestinskiy horizon, figs. 4, 6-8, l l , Belaya River,
Nal'chik region; figs. 5, 9, 10, Nagutskaya well,
Mineralovodsk region, Caucasus]
1971 Globigerapsis subconglobatus Shutskaya. - Toumarkine : pl. 3; fig. 13-14 [middle Eocene Globorotalia
lehneri/Hantkenina dumblei Zone, Halimba borehole,
Bakony, Hungary]
1972 Globigerinatheka index index Finlay. - Bolli : pl. 1; fig. 6-7 [middle Eocene Globigerinatheka subconglobata
subconglobata Zone, Possagno Section, Italy]; [Not
Finlay, 1939]
1972 Globigerinatheka subconglobata subconglobata Shutskaya. - Bolli : p.134 text-fig. 43-46 (text-fig. 44 lectotype = pl. 1, fig. 8 of Shutskaya, 1958);
pl. l, fig. 8-10, fig. 15- 16 [middle Eocene Globigerinatheka
subconglobata subconglobata Zone, Possagno Section,
northern Italy]
1975 Globigerinatheka index Finlay. - Stainforth et al. : fig. 56.5, 7, 9 (from Bolli, 1972: pl. l : figs. 2,6,7);
[Not Finlay, 1939]
1978 Globigerinatheka subconglobata subconglobata Shutskaya. - Toumarkine : pl. 3, fig. 1, 3 [middle Eocene Globorotalia lehneri to Truncorotaloides rohri Zone, DSDP Site 360, South Atlantic Occan];
fig. 2 [middle Eocene Hantkenina aragonensis to Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 363, South Atlantic Ocean]
1978 Globigerinatheka mexicana mexicana Cushman. - Toumarkine : pl. 4; fig. 5 [middle Eocene Hantkenina
aragonensis to Globorotalia lehneri Zone, DSDP Site 363,
South Atlantic Ocean]
p 1983 Globigerinatheka subconglobata subconglobata Shutskaya. - Toumarkine : pl. 21, fig. 17-20 [middle Eocene Globigerinatheka subconglobata subconglobata Zone, Possagno Section, northern Italy];
figs. 18-20 [middle Eocene, Possagno Section, Italy] (not fig. 16
[middle Eocene, Beni Mazar, Boukhary Section, Nile
Valley, Egypt] = G. kugleri)
1983 Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya. - Pujol : pl. 5; fig. 8-9 [middle Eocene Zones P1 1-13, DSDP Hole 516F, Rio
Grande Rise, South Atlantic Ocean]
1983 Globigerinatheka mexicana mexicana Cushman. - Toumarkine : pl. 20; ?fig. 36-38 [middle Eocene Zones P12-14, DSDP Site 305,
Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean]; [Not Cushman,
1925]
? 1985 Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya. - Snyder & Waters : pl. 5; fig. 5-6 [fig. 5, DSDP Site 549; fig.
6, DSDP Hole 548A, Goban Spur, eastern North Atlantic
Ocean]
1995 Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya. - Poag & Commeau : pl. 4; fig. 18-19 [middle Eocene Zone P1 l, Hammond core,
1,320-1,330 ft, SW Salisbury Embayment, Virginia-
Maryland]
2006 Globigerinatheka subconglobata Shutskaya. - Pearson et al. : p.200 pl. 7.10; fig.1-20 (Pl. 7.10, Fig. l : reillustration of lectotype of
Globigerinoides subconglobatus Shutskaya var.
subconglobatus Shutskaya)
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| References: |
Bolli,H.M. (1957):
Planktonic Foraminifera from the Eocene Navet and San Fernando formations of Trinidad, B.W.I. . Bull. U.S. natl. Mus. Vol. 215 p. 155-172
Shutskaya,E.K. (1958):
Izmenchivosti nekotorikh nizhnepaleogenovikh plannktonikh foraminifer severnogo Kavkaza [Variations of some lower Paleogene planktonic foraminifers of the northern Caucasus] . Akademy Nauk SSSR Voprosy Mikropaleontologii Vol. 2 p. 84-90
Toumarkine,M. (1971):
Etude des Foraminiféres planctoniques de deux sondagcs (H-S49 et PGYT-31) dans 1' Eocéne de la Montagne du Bakony (Transdanubie, Hongric) . Annales Instituti Geologici Publici Hungarici Vol. 54 p. 283-299
Bolli,H.M. (1972):
The Genus Globigerinatheka Brönnimann . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 2 p. 109-136
Fleisher,R.L. (1974):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminifera and biostratigraphy, Arabian Sea, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 23A.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 23 Eds: Whitmarsh, R.B.Weser, O.E.Ross, D.A. p. 1001-1072
Toumarkine,M. (1975):
Middle and Late Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the northwestern Pacific, Leg 32 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 32 Eds: Larson, R.L.Moberly, R. p. 735-751
Stainforth,R.M.; Lamb,J.L.; Luterbacher,H.P.; Beard,J.H. and Jeffords,R.M. (1975):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms . Paleontological ContributionsArticle 62 p. 425
Toumarkine,M. (1978):
Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Paleogene of Sites 360 to 364 and the Neogene of Sites 362A, 363, and 364 Leg 40.
In: Initial Results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 40
Toumarkine,M. (1983):
Les Foraminiféres planctoniques de l'Eocène moyen et supérieur des régions tropicales a temperées chaudes. , Thése de Doctorat d'Etat ès Sciences Vol. 6(83-05) p. 219
Toumarkine,M. (1983):
Les Foraminiferes planctoniques de l'Eocéne moyen et supérieur des regions tropicales à temperées chaudes.
In: Thése de Doctorat d'Etat ès Sciences Vol. 6(83-05) p. 219
Pujol,C. (1983):
Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Southwestern Atlantic (Rio Grande Rise): Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 72.
In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 72 Eds: Barker, P.F.Johnson, D.A. p. 623-673
Snyder,S.W. and Waters,V.J. (1985):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Goban Spur region.
In: Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 80
Van Eijden,A.J.M. and Smit,J. (1991):
Eastern Indian Ocean Cretaceous and Paleogene quantitative biostratigraphy.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 121 Eds: Weissel, J.Peirce, J.Taylor, E.Alt, J. p. 77-123
Pearson,P.N.; Shackleton,N.J. and Hall,M.A. (1993):
The Stable Isotope Paleoecology of Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera and Multi-species integrated Isotope Stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 23 p. 123-140
Poag,C.W.. and Commeau,J.A.. (1995):
Paleocene to middle Miocene planktic foraminifera of the southwestern Salisbury Embayment, Virginia and Maryland: biostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 25 p. 134-155
Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
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