Haeuslerina helvetojurassica Haeusler 1881 from: Boudagher-Fadel, M.K.Banner, F.T.Whittaker, J.E.Simmons, M.D. (1997): Early Evolutionary History of Planktonic Foraminifera. Vol. 1 | . |
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Species Haeuslerina helvetojurassica Haeusler 1881 |
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| Discussion / Comments: |
Boudagher-Fadel et al. (1997):
Remarks: Haeusler (1881b) stated that the type level for his new species was the zone of
'Ammonites transversarius' in the Birmensdorfer
Schichten of the Jurassic, near Buren (Canton
Aargau), Switzerland. In his doctoral dissertation
(1881a), however, no type locality was designated.
Oesterle (1968) designated the 'Eisengraben'
section (80 km NW of Zurich, Canton Aargau) of
the Birmensdorfer Schichten as the type locality
for all foraminifera species described by Haeusler
from those beds. The topotypes illustrated here
(Plate 2.6, Figs 1-8) were collected by Stam
(1986, p. 111) from the Eisengraben section, the
same layer as Oesterle's sample no. 4; 'they
are rare and small in size, [and] this sample
contained well preserved planktonics'. Earlier,
Oesterle (1969) had attempted to revise the work
of Haeusler and redescribed 'G.' helvetojurassica
from the Renggeri Tonen of Liesberg (75 km west
of the Eisengraben section). These were clearly
pyrite moulds as were Masters' (1977, plate 21,
figs 2-4) illustrated SEM images (called
'Globigerina? helvetojurassica') from the Oxfordian
of the Birmensdorfer Beds of Eisengraben. In
contrast, the specimens from the Eisengraben
section collected by Stam (1986, plate 7, figs 6-12;
plate 8, figs 1-3) from the Birmensdorfer
Schichten, Transversarium Zone ('Middle'
Oxfordian) were perfectly preserved. Some of
Stam's figured specimens have been re-imaged
here (Plate 2.6, figs 1-8). All are covered in scattered
pseudomuricae, not aligned into ridges, and
very distinctively possess very small umbilici and
primary apertures which were clearly intraextraumbilical.
Stam (1986, pp. 110, 111) did not notice the
difference in the extent of the aperture in his specimens
compared to that of Globuligerina oxfordiana
(Grigelis), and he mistakenly considered the
topotypes of 'G.' helvetojurassica to be synonymous
with G. oxfordiana. As Globigerina helvetojurassica
Haeusler was published in 1881, while
G. oxfordiana Grigelis was not published until
1958, the former name would have been the
senior one; Stam endeavoured to overcome this
by referring Haeusler's name to the International
Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, claiming
that G. helvetojurassica should be regarded as
nomen oblitum (a forgotten name, ICZN article 23b) and not used. However, the case was not
followed up by Stam, and the ICZN did not accept
it (Dr P. Tubbs (ICZN), personal communication).
Now we know that G. helvetojurassica Haeusler
belongs to a genus (Haeuslerina gen.nov.) distinct
from Globuligerina. The specimens figured by
Masters (1977, pI. 21, figs 2-4) and Oesterle
(1968, text-figs 51, 52a) were internal moulds,
probably like the specimens in Haeusler's own
collection (Masters, 1977, p. 459). Therefore, the
specimens figured for this chapter, like those
figured by Stam (1986, plate 7, figs 6-12, plate 8,
figs 1-3) are those which must now be used for
the interpretation of the morphology of
Haeuslerina helvetojurassica (Haeusler).
Although Haeusler (188la; l881b) did not
choose a holotype for his species, the existence of
syntypes (referred to by Masters, 1977), albeit
internal moulds, unfortunately makes it impossible
to designate a neotype (ICZN, article 75). |
| Synonym list: |
Boudagher-Fadel et al. (1997):
p 1986 Globuligerina oxfordiana Grigelis. - Stam : pl. 7, fig. 6-12 (not fig. 1-5);
pl. 8, fig. 1-3 (not pl. 9, fig. 1-5;
pl. 14, fig. 3, 4, 8-15)
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| References: |
Haeusler,R.. (1881):
Untersuchungen über die microscopischen Structurverhältnisse der Aargauer Jurakalke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Foraminiferenfauna. , Dissertation p. 47
Stam,B.. (1986):
Quantitative analysis of Middle and Late Jurassic foraminifera from Portugal and its implications for the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. . Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletins Vol. 34 p. 1-168
Boudagher-Fadel,M.K.; Banner,F.T.; Whittaker,J.E. and Simmons,M.D. (1997):
Early Evolutionary History of Planktonic Foraminifera. Vol. 1
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