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Species Morozovella formosa Bolli 1957


Diagnosis / Definition:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Muricate, nonspinose, normal perforate. Test morphology: Test subcircular, moderately lobulate peripheral outline, planoconvex; chambers triangular, inflated and subangular on umbilical side; trapezoidal with curved margins on spiral side; 15-1 8 chambers arranged in approximately 3 whorls on spiral side and generally 6-6 1/2 chambers (rarely 7-8) in final whorl on umbilical side with muricae scattered on early chambers of last whorl; sutures moderately depressed, weakly curved (early chambers) to straight, radial (later chambers) on last whorl; umbilicus open, moderately wide, deep; primary aperture a low umbilical- extraumbilical arch extending to peripheral margin; gradual increase in chamber size throughout although last 2-3 chambers exhibit varying size; muricate sutures strongly curved, flush with/slightly elevated above test surface; umbilico-convex in edge view; spiral side flat or nearly so; strongly muricate keel. Size: Dimensions of holotype: maximum diameter: 0.65 mm.
Discussion / Comments:
Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- This taxon is characterized by its relatively large, robust test, 6-7 (rarely 8) chambers and strongly muricate keel. It is distinguished from its antecedent M. gracilis by its larger, more robust test, larger number of chambers in the last whorl and wider umbilicus, and from its partially contemporaneous homeomorph, M. crater, by its more lobulate periphery and larger number of chambers in the final whorl and less ornamentgd test. DISCUSSION.- Blow (1979, p. 1000, 1001) drew attention to the fact that formosa and the crater- caucasica complex, while seemingly morphologically distinct when treated as isolated individuals, in fact require close scrutiny in order to retain the biostratigraphic utility of both. He further pointed out the gross homeomorphy between formosa and some morphotypes of the older velascoensis. Finally he observed that some of the phylogenetically advanced morphotypes of the velascoensis and the lensiformis- crater-caucasica "gens" exhibit features in common with formosa; a sort of "threefold homeomorphy" as he dubbed it. Distinction among the different morphotypes was made on the following basis: l. formosa is flat to slightly convex in dorsal (spiral) aspect with chambers somewhat longer (anterio- posteriorly) tangentially than broad radially. 2. formosa has dorsal /spiral intercameral sutures nearly radial proximally but recurved (but not sharply retorse) near periphery. 3. velascoensis has chambers in dorsal/spiral aspect nearly equidimensional and spiral intercameral sutures exhibit retorse distal part. 4. In axial-apertural view anguloconical angle in formosa is markedly acute (- 45°), whereas in velascoensis it is nearly a right-angle (- 80-85°); the umbilico-peripheral part of chamber is often somewhat concave in the area between the peripheral test muricocarina and the "horn-like", adumbilically pointed umbilical shoulders. 5. Whereas the anguloconical angle in the crater-caucasica group is comparable to that in formosa, the earlier chambers have a more rounded appearance in axialledge view. 6. The umbilicus in formosa is wide and the angle made by the junction of the chamber walls interior and exterior to the umbilicus is on the order of - 40-45°; in crater this angle is - 60-60° in the case of the earlier chambers and the umbilical shoulders are more gently rounded, only the last 2-3 chambers exhibiting a strongly reflexed angle between interior and exterior chamber walls. 7. The main distinguishing feature separating fomosa from the other forms above is the nature of the early vorticifonn spiral intercameral sutures together with the acute conical angle and the distinctly flat spiral side. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- This taxon evolved from M. gracilis and does not appear to have left any descendants. STRATIGRAPHIC RANGE.- Base of Zone E4 (by definition) to top of Zone E6 (by definition). GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Widely distributed in (sub)tropical regions (Caribbean Sea, Atlantic, Pacific, Tethyan, Indian and Austral Oceans). STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- No data available.
Systematics:

1
 Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globorotaliaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Truncorotaloididae
         Genus Morozovella
          Species Morozovella formosa

35
  Ordo Foraminiferida
   Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
    Familia Truncorotaloididae
     Genus Morozovella
      Species Morozovella formosa
Synonym list:
Pearson et al. (2006):
? 1946 Globorotalia velascoensis Cushman. - Cushman & Renz : p.47 pl. 8; fig. 13-14 [upper Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad; see Renz, 195 1 for corrected figure explanation]; [Not Cushman, 1925]
1957 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Bolli : p.76 pl. 18; fig. 1-3 [lower Eocene G. formosa formosa Zone, upper Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad]
1961 Pseudogloborotalia formosa Bolli. - Bermudez : p. 1343, 1344
1964 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Luterbacher : P: 694-696 text-fig. 118a-c [G. formosa formosa Zone, upper Lizard Springs Fm., Trinidad]; text-fig. 119a-c [C. formosa formosa/G. subbotinae Zone, Gubbio section, Central Apennines, Italy]; text-fig. 120a-122c [C. aragonensis Zone, Gubbio section, Italy]
1970 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Samanta : p.624 pl. 97; fig. 15, 16 [upper Marlstone of Pondicherry Fm., southeastern India]
1971 Globorotalia formosa Bolli. - Postuma : p.190 fig. on p. 191 [lower Eocene, Cuba]
1971 Morozovella formosa Bolli. - Berggren : pl. 5; fig. 15, 16 [Zone P6b, DSDP Hole 20C, South Atlantic Ocean]
1975 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Stainforth et al. : p.184 text-fig. 48.1-5 [G. formosa formosa Zone, Lodo Fm., California]; text-fig. 48.6 [reillustration of holotype from Bolli, 1957b, pl. 18, figs. l-3]
1975 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Luterbacher : p.65 pl. 5; fig. 16-18 [G. formosa formosa Zone, Possagno section, Italy]
1979 Globorotalia (Morozovella) formosa Bolli. - Blow : p.1000 pl. 127, fig. 3 and 4 [Zone P8a, DSDP Hole 47.2, Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean]; pl. 134, fig. 7, 8; pl. 224, fig. 4 [Zone P8b, DSDP Hole 47.2, Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean]; pl. 138, fig. 9, 10; pl. 224, fig. 3 [Zone P8b, DSDP Hole 20C, South Atlantic Ocean]
1985 Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli. - Toumarkine & Luterbacher : p.112 fig. 15.13 [holotype reillustrated]
2000 Morozovella formosa formosa Bolli. - Warraich et al. : p.293 fig. 17.21-23 [Zone P7, Dungan Fm., Rakhi Nala section, Sulaiman Range, Pakistan]
2001 Morozovella formosa formosa Bolli. - Warraich & Ogasawara : p.39 fig. 9.13-15 [Zone P7, Dungan Fm., Rakhi Nala section, Sulaiman Range, Pakistan]
2006 Morozovella formosa Bolli. - Pearson et al. : p.359 pl. 11.7; fig. 1-16 (Pl. 11.7, Figs. 1-3: new SEMs of holotype of Globorotalia formosa formosa Bolli)
Stratigraphy - absolute ages:
FAD: 54 ± 0 [Ma], Corfield (1987)
Specimen:
Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Inventory number: USNM P5056
References:

Cushman,J.A. and Renz,H.H. (1946):
The Foraminiferal Fauna of the Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad, British West Indies . Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication Vol. 18 p. 1-48

Bolli,H.M. (1957):
The genera Globigerina and Globorotalia in the Paleocene-Lower Eocene Lizard Springs Formation of Trinidad, B.W.I . Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum Vol. 215 p. 61-82

Bermudez,P.J. (1961):
Contribucion al estudio de las Globigerinidea de la region Caribe-Antillana (Paleocene-Reciente).
In: Boletino Geologia (Venezuela), Special Publicacion Vol. 3

Luterbacher,H.P. (1964):
Studies in some Globorotalia from the Paleocene and Lower Eocene of the Central Apennines . Ecoglae geologicae Helvetiae Vol. 57 p. 631-730

Samanta,B.K. (1970):
Middle Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Lakhpat, Cutch, Western India . Micropaleontology Vol. 16

Berggren,W.A. (1971):
Paleogene Planktonic Foraminiferal Faunas on Legs I-IV (Atlantic Ocean), JOIDES Deep Sea Drilling Program- a Synthesis.
In: Proceedings of the II Planktonic Conference. Rome, Edizioni Tecnoscienza Vol. 1 Eds: Farinacci, A. p. 57-77

Postuma,J.A. (1971):
Manual of Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 422 pp

Luterbacher,H.P. (1975):
Planktonic Foraminifera of the Paleocene and Early Eocene, Possagno Section. . Schweizerische Palantologische Abhandlungen Vol. 97 p. 57-67

Stainforth,R.M.; Lamb,J.L.; Luterbacher,H.P.; Beard,J.H. and Jeffords,R.M. (1975):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation and characteristics of index forms . Paleontological ContributionsArticle 62 p. 425

Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp

Toumarkine,M. and Luterbacher,H.P. (1985):
Paleocene and Eocene Planktic Foraminifera.
In: Plankton Stratigraphy p. 87-154

Corfield,R.M. (1987):
Patterns of evolution in Paleocene and Eocene planktonic Foraminifera.
In: The Micropaleontology of Carbonate Environments

Warraich,M.Y..; Ogasawara,K.. and Nishi,H.. (2000):
Late Paleocene to early Eocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Dungan Formation, Sulaiman Range, Central Pakistan . Paleontological Research Vol. 4 p. 275-301

Warraich,M.Y.. and Ogasawara,K.. (2001):
Tethyan Paleocene-Eocene planktic foraminifera from the Rakhi Nala and Zinda Pir land sections of the Sulaiman Range, Pakistan . Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience University of Tsukuba, section B Vol. 22 p. 1-59

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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