Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner 1962 (TaxonConcept

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Kennet & Srinivasan's (1983) Neogene planktonic foraminifera

Species Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner 1962

Diagnosis / Definition:

Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
Test low trochospiral, equatorial profile elongate, three and a half to four chambers in the final whorl, increasing rapidly in size as added; sutures of the spiral and umbilical sides depressed, radial to slightly curved; surface on final chamber finely hispid with short blunt spines representing spine bases between the pores. Umbilicus small; primary aperture a low to moderate arch, interiomarginal, umbilical. A single small, supplementary aperture on spiral side.

Discussion / Comments:

Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
Gs. primordius differs from its immediate ancestor Globigerina (Gg.)praebulloides by the single, small, supplementary aperture on its spiral side. It develops into Gs. altiapertura Bolli, which is distinguished by its larger, high-arched primary and supplementary apertures.
Bolli & Saunders (1985):
This species is the immediate ancestor of the Globigerinoides trilobus stock, with overall morphological features already very close, in particular to G. trilobus immaturus. Typical primordius specimens differ in having more delicately built chamber walls, in the primary aperture being higher arched and in possessing only a single secondary opening, situated on the spiral side of the last chamber. It is generally agreed that the immediate ancestor of this first Globigerinoides species is a Globigerina. According to Blow & Banner it is very close to G. praebulloides occlusa (Fig. 13.12) from which it differs primarily only in the presence of a spiral secondary aperture. The confusion caused by the lectotype of Globigerinoides 'quadrilobatus' erected by Banner & Blow is discussed in the taxonomic notes of the Globigerinoides trilobus group. The difficulty of using the first occurrence of G. primordius to delineate the Oligocene Miocene boundary is discussed on p. 191.
Spezzaferri & Silva (1990):
Typical forms are preceded in Zone P21 by specimens displaying the same shape and wall structure as G. primordius without supplementary apertures. The latter are plotted under the informal name of "Globigerinoides"praeprimordius (Plate VIII, 2a-c).
Chaisson & Leckie (1993):
Similar species: The surface texture of Globigerinoides primordius resembles its ancestor Globigerina praebulloides in being smoother and less coarsely cancellate than Globigerinoides triloba. G. primordius also differs from early forms of G. triloba in having higher arched apertures, although not as high as G. altiapertura.

Systematics:

1
Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Globigerinidae
         Genus Globigerinoides
          Species Globigerinoides primordius

22
  Genus Paragloborotalia

Synonym list:

Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):

1962 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.15 pl ix figs Dd-Ff

Bolli & Saunders (1985):

1962 Globigerinoides quadrilobatus primordius Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.115 pl.9, figs.Dd-Ff

1985 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Bolli & Saunders : p.193 figs. 20.6; 7,9,12

Vincent & Toumarkine (1990):

1962 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner :

1990 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Vincent & Toumarkine : p. 831 pl.2, figs. 12, 13

Spezzaferri & Silva (1990):

1985 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Bolli & Saunders : fig. 20 (16)

1990 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Spezzaferri & Silva : p.247 pl. 8; fig. 3a, 4a-d

Chaisson & Leckie (1993):

1962 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Blow & Banner : p.15 pl. IX; fig. Dd-Ff

1983 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.54 pl. 11; fig. 1-3

1993 Globigerinoides primordius Blow & Banner. - Chaisson & Leckie : p.170 pl. 2; fig. 13

Stratigraphy - absolute ages:

FAD: 26.7 ± 0 [Ma], Berggren et al. (1995)
LAD: 24.3 ± 0 [Ma], Berggren et al. (1995) ODP Leg 120 Site 747

References:

Blow,W.H. and Banner,F.T. (1962):
The Mid-Tertiary (Upper Eocene to Aquitanian) Globigerinaceae.
In: Fundamentals of Mid‑Tertiary Stratigraphical Correlation Eds: Eames, F.E.Banner, F.T.Blow, W.H.Clarke, W.J. p. 61‑151

Kennett,J. and Srinivasan,M.S. (1983):
Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera - A Phylogenetic Atlas.

Bolli,H.M. and Saunders,J.B. (1985):
Oligocene to Holocene low latitude planktic foraminifers.
In: Plankton Stratigraphy Eds: Bolli, H.M.Saunders, J.B. p. 155-262

Spezzaferri,S. and Silva,I.S.. (1990):
Oligocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation from Hole 538A, DSDP Leg 77, Gulf of Mexico . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Vol. 83 p. 217-263

Vincent,E. and Toumarkine,M. (1990):
Neogene planktonic foraminifers from the Western Tropical Indian Ocean, Leg 115.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 115 Eds: Duncan, R.A..Backman, J.Peterson, L.C. p. 795-836

Chaisson,W.P. and Leckie,R.M. (1993):
High-Resolution Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Site 806, Ontong Java Plateau (Western Equatorial Pacific).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 130 Eds: Berger, W.H.Kroenke, L.W..Mayer, L.A..et al. p. 137-178

Berggren,W.A.; Kent,D.V.; Swisher,C.C. and Aubry,M.P. (1995):
A revised Cenozoic Geochronology and Chronostratigraphy.
In: Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication Vol. 54

Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data

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