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Species Candeina nitida d'Orbigny 1839


Diagnosis / Definition:
Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
Test medium, relatively high trochospiral, chambers globular to hemispherical, increasing regularly in size. The final whorl consists of three chambers, sutures radial to curved, depressed; surface smooth, microperforate with extremely fine perforations distributed irregularly . Primary aperture not visible in the adult;numerous small, rounded secondary apertures, bordered by a rim, almost completely surround the later chambers.
Discussion / Comments:
Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
C. nitida is easily distinguished by its microperforate, trochoid test with sutural supplementary apertures completely surrounding the later chambers.
Bolli & Saunders (1985):
This easily recognizable species with its shiny, porcellaneous looking wall is tightly coiled with usually 3 chambers per whorl and a completely closed umbilicus, giving it a somewhat subglobular appearance. Numerous small circular to elongate apertures often surrounded by a rim are aligned along the sutures of the chambers of the last whorl in particular, but also occasionally along sutures of the penultimate one.
Systematics:

1
 Superregnum Eukaryota
  Regnum Protoctista
   Phylum Ciliophora
    Subphylum Postciliodesmatophora
     Ordo Globigerinida
      Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
       Superfamilia Nonionacea
        Familia Candeinidae
         Genus Candeina
          Species Candeina nitida
Synonym list:
Kennett & Srinivasan (1983):
1839 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - d'Orbigny : p.107 pl 2 figs 27-28
Chaisson & d'Hondt (2000):
* 1839 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - d'Orbigny : p.107 pl 2 figs 27-28
1983 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.228 pl 57 figs. 6-8
Bolli & Saunders (1985):
1839 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - d'Orbigny : p.108 pl. 2, figs. 27-28
1985 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - Bolli & Saunders : p.191 figs. 19.1-2; 7,10,11
Vincent & Toumarkine (1990):
1839 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - d'Orbigny : p. 107 pl. 2, figs 27-28
1990 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - Vincent & Toumarkine : p. 830 pl. 1, fig. 2
Chaisson & Leckie (1993):
1839 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - d'Orbigny : p.107 pl. 2; fig. 27-28
1983 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - Kennett & Srinivasan : p.228 pl. 57; fig. 6-8
1993 Candeina nitida d'Orbigny. - Chaisson & Leckie : p.169 pl. 1; fig. 8
Stratigraphy - absolute ages:
FAD: 8.1 ± 0 [Ma], Berggren et al. (1995)
FAD: 10.28 ± 0.12 [Ma], Chaisson & d'Hondt (2000) ODP Leg 165 Site 999
FAD: 8.44 ± 0 [Ma], Chaisson & Pearson (1997) ODP Leg 154 Site 925
References:

d'Orbigny,A.D. (1839):
Foraminifères.
In: Histoire Physique, Politique et Naturelle de l'ile de Cuba2 (atlas vol 8 pls 1-12) Eds: de la Sagra, R. p. 1-224

Kennett,J. and Srinivasan,M.S. (1983):
Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera - A Phylogenetic Atlas.

Bolli,H.M. and Saunders,J.B. (1985):
Oligocene to Holocene low latitude planktic foraminifers.
In: Plankton Stratigraphy Eds: Bolli, H.M.Saunders, J.B. p. 155-262

Vincent,E. and Toumarkine,M. (1990):
Neogene planktonic foraminifers from the Western Tropical Indian Ocean, Leg 115.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 115 Eds: Duncan, R.A..Backman, J.Peterson, L.C. p. 795-836

Chaisson,W.P. and Leckie,R.M. (1993):
High-Resolution Planktonic Foraminifer Biostratigraphy of Site 806, Ontong Java Plateau (Western Equatorial Pacific).
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 130 Eds: Berger, W.H.Kroenke, L.W..Mayer, L.A..et al. p. 137-178

Berggren,W.A.; Kent,D.V.; Swisher,C.C. and Aubry,M.P. (1995):
A revised Cenozoic Geochronology and Chronostratigraphy.
In: Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication Vol. 54

Chaisson,W.P. and Pearson,P.N. (1997):
Planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy at Site 925: middle Miocene–Pleistocene.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 154 Eds: Shackleton, N.J.Curry, W.B.Richter, C.Bralower, T.J.

Chaisson,W.P. and d'Hondt,S.L. (2000):
Neogene planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy at Site 999, Western Caribbean Sea.
In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Vol. 165 Eds: Leckie, R.M.Sigurdsson, H.Acton, G.D.Draper, G. p. 19-56
Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data
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