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| Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data | ||||||
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Species Parasubbotina griffinae Blow 1979 | ||||||
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| Diagnosis / Definition: | ||||||
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Pearson et al. (2006): DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Normal perforate, high porosity, reticulated Clavigerinella-type, spinose. Test morphology: Very low trochospiral, globular, lobulate in outline, chambers globular, much inflated; in spiral view 4-5 globular, somewhat embracing chambers in ultimate whorl, increasing moderately in size, inner whorl of chambers partly overlapped by the ultimate whorl, sutures moderately depressed, straight, penultimate and ultimate chamber may be reduced in size relative to preceeding chambers; in umbilical view 4-5 globular, somewhat embracing chambers, increasing moderately in size, sutures moderately depressed, straight, umbilicus a small sized opening, enclosed by surrounding chambers, aperture umbilical-extraumbilical, bordered by a narrow continuous, lip or thickened rim; in edge view chambers globular in shape, aperture a low arch extending midway onto the peripheral edge, bordered by a narrow lip or thickened rim. Size: Maximum diameter of holotype 0.4 1 mm, thickness 0.29 mm. |
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| Discussion / Comments: | ||||||
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Pearson et al. (2006): DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- Parasubbotina griffinae is distinguished by its very low trochospiral, globular test with strongly inflated chambers, with the inner whorls partially overlapped by the ultimate whorl, and the high porosity, reticulated Clavigerinella-type wall texture. DISCUSSION.- When Blow (1 979) described Globorotalia (Turborotalia) griffinae (=Parasubbotina griffinae), he selected the holotype and some paratypes from the same sample (KANE 9 Core 42,200 cm) from which he also illustrated hypotypic specimens of Pseudoglobigerinella bolivariana (Petters). His case for regarding griffinae as ancestral to bolivariana is clear from the SEM illustrations of the two species (his pl. 150, figs. 1-9) as they both share a Clavigerinella-type reticulate wall texture. Blow also illustrated paratypes of P. griffinae from other levels in KANE 9 Core 42 (his pl. 157, fig. 7, from 95 cm; pl. 162, figs. 8, 9, from 42 cm; pl. 165, figs. 1-3, from 15 cm) that clearly differ from the holotype and paratypes of the species illustrated from the type level. These paratypes have a more coarsely cancellate, non-reticulate wall texture and a thickened, continuous apertural lip. Toumarkine and Luterbacher (1985) included morphotypes like these in griffinae (their fig. 27:19-23). We place all these in Paragloborotalia griffinoides n. sp. (see discussion under that species). Although not readily recognized by previous workers, P griffinae appears in the stratigraphic record shortly before the development of Pseudoglobigerinella bolivariana and can be considered an intermediate morphotype linking P. inaequispira and P. bolivariana. We have also found specimens attributable to P. griffinae as high as Zone E14 in Java (Pl. 5.10, Figs. 9-11) although we recognize that detailed stratigraphic investigations may reveal these forms, which are less inflated than the holotype, not to be conspecific. Globigerina micropora de Klasz, Le Calvez and Rerat appears from the type illustration to have the gross test morphology of grffinae but the character of the aperture and wall texture cannot be determined. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- Parasubbotina griffinae evolved from P. inaequispira and rapidly gave rise to Pseudoglobigerinella bolivariana. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.- Global in low to mid latitudes, P griffinae is a common constituent of relatively high productivity environments in the Eocene. STABLE ISOTOPIC PALEOBIOL0GY.- Relatively heavy ò18O indicating cool water (H. K. Coxall, unpublished data). REPOSITORY.- Holotype and paratypes deposited in the British Museum of Natural History, London. |
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| Systematics: | ||||||
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35 Ordo Foraminiferida Superfamilia Globigerinaceae Familia Globigerinidae Genus Parasubbotina Species Parasubbotina inaequispira |
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| Synonym list: | ||||||
| Pearson et al. (2006): ? 1969 Globigerina micropora de Klasz et al.. - De Klasz et al. : p.278 pl. 2; fig. 5a-c [lower middle Eocene Amiba
Fm., Gabon]
p 1979 Globorotalia (Turborotalia) griffinae Blow. - Blow : p.1072 pl. 96; fig. 5-9 (fig. 8 = holotype) (not pl. 157, fig.
7; pl. 162, figs. 8,9; pl. 165, figs. 1-3 =Paragloborotalia
griffinoides Olsson and Pearson, n. sp.) [lower Eocenc
Zone E7, KANE 9-Core 42, Endeavour Seamount,
equatorial Atlantic Ocean].
p 1985 Turborotalia griffininae Blow. - Toumarkine & Luterbacher : p.127 fig. 27: 13-17 (not fig. 27: 18-23.)
[reillustration of holotype and paratypes].
2006 Parasubbotina griffinae Blow. - Pearson et al. : p.90 pl. 5.10; fig. 1-15 (Pl. 5.10, Figs. 1-4: reillustration of holotype and paratypes of Globorotalia (Turborotalia) griffinae Blow
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| References: | ||||||
De Klasz,I.; Le Calvez,Y.. and Rerat,D.. (1969): Blow,W.H. (1979): Toumarkine,M. and Luterbacher,H.P. (1985): Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006): |
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| Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data | ||||||
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