Subbotina eocaena Guembel 1868 (TaxonConcept

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Species Subbotina eocaena Guembel 1868

Diagnosis / Definition:

Pearson et al. (2006):
DESCRIPTION. Type of wall: Cancellate, normal perforate, spinose, ruher/sacculifer-type wall texture. Test morphology: Test low trochospiral, globular, oval in outline, chambers globular; in spiral view 3 1/2-4 globular, embracing chambers in ultimate whorl, increasing rapidly in size, sutures moderately depressed, straight to slightly curved; in umbilical view 3 1/2 globular, embracing chambers, increasing rapidly in size, sutures moderately depressed, straight, umbilicus small, enclosed by surrounding chambers, aperture umbilical to slightly extraumbilical, directed somewhat anteriorly over the umbilicus, bordered by a thin, irregular lip; in edge view chambers globular in shape, embracing, aperture visible as a circular arch, bordered by a thin, irregular lip. Size: Maximum diameter of neotype 0.69 mm, maximum thickness 0.45 mm.

Discussion / Comments:

Pearson et al. (2006):
DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.- The species is characterized by its generally large adult size and globular, embracing, chambers with a low-arched aperture bordered by a thin irregular lip. DTSCUSSI0N.- Hagn and Lindenberg (1969) selected a neotype for Globigerina eocaena Guembel, 1868 because, apparently, Guembel had not designed a type specimen when he described this species. Hagn and Lindenberg could not locate his original material in the Bavarian State collections for Paleontology and 1 Historical Geology in Munich. Hence, they selected a neotype from a sample taken from strata that Guembel had studied in 1 868 from the Gerhartsreiter Graben near Siegsdorf, Austria. A species that appears morphologically similar to-G. eocaena is Globigerina eocaenica Terquem, 1882. The type specimen of C. eocaenica, according to Berggren (1960) is broken and unusable and the beds from which the species is described are no longer available for collection. Berggren (1960) recommended that Terquem's taxon be considered as nomen dubium non consewandum. Terquem shows a globular 3 1/2 chambered form with globular, embracing chambers, a morphology that falls within the range of G. eocaena. Since Terquem described G. eocaenica from the middle Eocene where G. eocaena is common, it is probable that G. eocaenica is a junior synonym of G. eocaena. Subbotina (1953) described Globigerina pseudoeocaena, which she separated from her concept of Globigerina eocaena. The neotype of G. eocaena, however, more closely resembles, for the most part, the varieties of G. pseudoeocaena described by Subbotina. Both G. pseudoeocaena var. compacta and G. pseudoeocaena var. trilobata are 3 1/2 chambered globular forms that fall within the morphologic range of Subbotina eocaena. The holotype of G. pseudoeocaena var. pseudoeocaena has the morphological characteristics of Subbotina yeguaensis whereas other illustrations of this variety by Subbotina exhibit the morphology of S. eocaena. The specimens illustrated by Subbotina as G. eocaena show the looser coiling characteristic of Subbotina hagni. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS.- Subbotina eocaena belongs to a group of closely related Eocene large-sized subbotinids, which includes S. hagni and S. corpulenta. It probably evolved from S. roesnaesensis n. sp. by an increase in test size and the development of globular, more imbracing chambers. GEOGRAPHIC D1STRTBUTION.- Global in low to mid latitudes. STABLE ISOTOPE PALEOBIOL0GY.- Recorded by Boersma and others (1987) and Stott and others (1990) (as S. eocaenicu) with relatively positive ò18O indicating a deep planktonic habitat. Pearson and others (2001) also recorded it as a deep-dwelling form. A lowermost Oligocene sample analyzed by Van Eijden and Ganssen (1995) recorded a more intermediate ò18O value.

Systematics:

35
Ordo Foraminiferida
  Superfamilia Globigerinaceae
   Familia Globigerinidae
    Genus Subbotina
     Species Subbotina eocaena

Synonym list:

Pearson et al. (2006):

1868 Globigerina eocaena Guembel. - Guembel : p.662 pl. 2, fig. 109a, b [upper Eocene, Bavarian Alps, Austria]

? 1882 Globigerina eocaenica Terquem. - Terquem : p.86 pl. 9; fig. 4 [middle Eocene, Vaudancourt, near Paris, France]

1927 Globigerina bakeri Cole. - Cole : p.38 pl. 4; fig. 12 (=holotype), 13 [middle Eocene Zone E10113, Guayabal Fm., Tampico, Mexico]

p 1953 Globigerina eocaenica var. eocaenica Terquem. - Subbotina : p.109 pl. 11; fig. 9a-11c (partim; not pl. 11, fig. 8a-c = ?Subbotina velascoensis [Cushman]); [lower-middle Eocene, northern Caucasus]

1953 Globigerina eocaenica var. irregularis Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.110 pl. 11; fig. 12a-14c [upper Eocene Lagenid Zone, Crimea]

p 1953 Globigerina pseudoeocaena var. pseudoeocaena Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.81 pl. 5; fig. 1a-2c (partim; not pl. 4: fig. 9a-c, holotype = Subbotina yeguaensis [Weinzierl and Applin]; not pl. 5, fig. 6a-c = Subbotina corpulenta [Subbotina]); [lower-middle Eocene Acarinina Zone, Kuban River, northern Caucasus]

1953 Globigerina pseudoeocaena var. compacta Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.81 pl. 5, fig. 3a-c [holotype, lowermiddle Eocene Acurinina Zone, Kuban River, northern Caucasus]; pl. 5, fig. 4a-c [upper Eocene, white marls, Bakhchisaria, Crimea]

1953 Globigerina pseudoeocaena var. trilobata Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.84 pl. 5; fig. 5a-c [holotype, lower-middle Eocene Acarinina Zone, Kuban River, northern Caucasus]

1953 Globigerina bulloides var. compacta Subbotina. - Subbotina : p.100 pl. 9; fig. 4a-c [upper Eocene subzone of large Globigerina, Khieu River, northern Caucasus]; [Secondary homonym of Globigerina pseudoeocaena var. compacta Subbotina, 1953:81]

non 1953 Globigerina eocuena Guembel. - Subbotina : p.85 pl. 6, fig. 5a-c; pl. 7, fig. 1a-c [= Subbotina hagni (Gohrbandt, 1967)]

1956 Globigerina eocaena Guembel. - Hagn : p.170 pl. 16; fig. 1a-2b [upper Eocene, northern Italy]

1956 Globigerina subtriloculinoides Khalilov. - Khalilov : p.240 pl. 1; fig. 6-7 ["upper Eocene" (=probably middle Eocene), Abrakumis, Nakhichevan Autnomous Republic]

p 1969 Globigerina (Subbotina) eocaena Guembel. - Hagn & Lindenberg : p.336 pl. 1, fig. 1a-c [neotype, upper Eocene, Gerhartsreiter Graben, Siegsdorf, Bavarian Alps, Austria]; pl. 1, fig. 5a-c [lower Oligocene, Reit im Winkl, Bavarian Alps, Austria] (partim; not pl. 1, figs. 2a-4 = Subbotina corpulenta)

p 1979 Subbotina eocaenica Terquem?. - Blow : p.1260 pl. 151, fig. 10 [lower Eocene Zone P9, Kane 9, Core 42, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean]; pl. pl. 160, fig. 1 [middle Eocene Zone PlO, Kane 9, Core 42, Endeavour Seamount, equatorial Atlantic Ocean] (partim; not pl. 142: figs. 4,5; pl. 153: fig. 9)

1985 Globigerina eocaena Guembel. - Snyder & Waters : p.459 pl. 1; fig. 6-8 [upper Eocene Zone E16, DSDP Hole 548A, Goban Spur, eastern North Atlantic Ocean]

1985 Globigerina eocaena Guembel. - Toumarkine & Luterbacher : p.149 fig. 42.1a-c (reillustration of neotype, Hagn and Lindenberg, 1969:336, pl. 1, fig. lac); fig. 42.2, 4 [Turhorotalia cerroazulensis s.1. Zone, Possagno, northern Italy]; fig. 42.3 [Turhorotalia cerroazulensis s.1. Zone, Puget-Thkniers-Entrevaux, France (from Campredon and Toumarkine, 1972)]

p 1995 Globigerina eocaena Guembel. - Poag & Commeau : p.149 pl. 6; fig. 19 (partim, not pl. 8: figs. 3,4); [upper Eocene, Chickahominy Fm., Kiptopeke Core, 1,146 ft, Maryland]

2006 Subbotina eocaena Guembel. - Pearson et al. : p.135 pl. 6.9; fig. 1-16 (Pl. 6.9, Figs. 11 -13: new SEMs of holotype of Globigerina pseudoeocaena var. compacta Subbotina) (Pl. 6.9, Figs. 14-16: new SEMs of bolotype of Glohigerina pseudoeocaena var. trilohata Subbotina)

References:

Guembel,C.W. (1868):
Beiträge zur Foraminiferenfauna der nordalpinen älteren Eocängebilde oder der Kressenberger Nummulitenschichten . Abhandlungen Bayerische Akademie der Naturwissenschaften, Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse Vol. 10 p. 579-730

Terquem,O. (1882):
Les Foraminifères de l’Éocène des environs de Paris . Mémoire de la Société Géologique de France p. 1-17

Cole,W.S. (1927):
A foraminiferal fauna from the Guabal Formation in Mexico . Bulletins of American paleontology Vol. 14 p. 1-46

Subbotina,N.N. (1953):
Iskopaemye foraminifery SSSR (Globigerinidy, Khantkenininidy i Globorotaliidy) . Trudy Vsesoyznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologo-razvedochnogo Instituta (VNIGRI) Vol. 76 p. 296

Khalilov,D.M. (1956):
O pelagicheskoy faune foraminifer Paleogenovykh otlozheniy Azerbaydzhana . Trudy Instituta Geologii, Akademiya Nauk Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR Vol. 17

Hagn,H. (1956):
Geologische und palaontologische Untersuchungen im Tertiar des Monte Brione und seiner Umgebung (Gardasee, Ober-Italien) . Palaeontographica Abhandlungen A Vol. 107 p. 67-210

Hagn,H. and Lindenberg,H.G. (1969):
Revision der von C.W. Guembel 1868 aus dem Eozän des bayerischen Alpenvorlandes beschriebenen Foraminiferen . Proceedings First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils Vol. 2 p. 229-249

Blow,W.H. (1979):
The Cainozoic Globigerinida. 3 Vols p. 1413 pp

Toumarkine,M. and Luterbacher,H.P. (1985):
Paleocene and Eocene Planktic Foraminifera.
In: Plankton Stratigraphy p. 87-154

Snyder,S.W. and Waters,V.J. (1985):
Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Goban Spur region.
In: Deep Sea Drilling Project Vol. 80

Poag,C.W.. and Commeau,J.A.. (1995):
Paleocene to middle Miocene planktic foraminifera of the southwestern Salisbury Embayment, Virginia and Maryland: biostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy . Journal of Foraminiferal Research Vol. 25 p. 134-155

Pearson,P.N.; Olsson,R.K.; Hemleben,C.; Huber,B.T. and Berggren,W.A. (2006):
Atlas of Eocene Planktonic Foraminifera. p. 1-513

Anonymous: Unedited TaxonConcept data

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